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Objective: To compare the effect of microfluiding sperm sorting chip and density gradient methods on ongoing pregnancy rates (PRs) of patients undergoing IUI. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Hospital IVF unit. Patient(s): Couples with infertility undergoing IUI cycles between 2017 and 2018. Intervention(s): Not applicable. Main Outcome Measure(s): Ongoing PRs. Result(s): A total of 265 patients were included in the study. Microfluid sperm sorting and density gradient were used to prepare sperm in 133 and 132 patients, respectively. Baseline spermiogram parameters, including volume, concentration, motility, and morphology, were similar between the two groups. Total motile sperm count was lower in the microfluiding sperm sorting group at baseline (35.96 AE 37.69 vs. 70.66 AE 61.65). After sperm preparation sperm motility was higher in the microfluid group (96.34 AE 7.29 vs. 84.42 AE 10.87). Pregnancy rates were 18.04% in the microfluid group and 15.15% in the density gradient group, and ongoing PRs were 15.03% and 9.09%, respectively. After using multivariable logistic regression and controling for confounding factors, there was a significant increase in ongoing PRs in the microfluid sperm sorting group. The adjusted odds ratio for ongoing pregnancy in the microfluid group compared with the density gradient group was 3.49 (95% confidence interval 1.12-10.89). Conclusion(s):The microfluid sperm sorting method significantly increased the ongoing PRs compared with the density gradient group in IUI cycles. (Fertil Steril Ò 2019;112:842-8. Ó2019 by American Society for Reproductive Medicine.) El resumen está disponible en Español al final del artículo.

Objective To compare the effects of progestin‐primed ovarian stimulation using dydrogesterone (DYD) and a gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol on cycle characteristics and pregnancy rates in freeze‐all cycles in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods Medical records of PCOS patients who underwent freeze‐all in vitro fertilization cycles between April 2017 and April 2019 at the Novafertil in vitro fertilization Center were retrospectively evaluated. The primary outcome measure was the incidence of premature luteinizing hormone surge. Secondary outcome measures were the total number of mature oocytes retrieved, fertilization rate, clinical pregnancy rates and ongoing pregnancy rates. Results: A total of 525 patients were included in the study. DYD‐primed ovarian stimulation and a GnRH antagonist protocol were applied in 258 and 267 patients, respectively. The baseline parameters were similar between the two groups. The numbers of mature and fertilized oocytes were similar in the cetrorelix (CET) group and DYD group (11.43 ± 3.48 vs. 11.29 ± 4.34, respectively, P = 0.692; and 8.98 ± 2.93 vs. 8.62 ± 3.67, respectively, P = 0.208). Premature luteinization was rare in both groups, and the difference between the groups was not statistically significant (2.9% vs. 1.5%, respectively, P = 0.268). There was no significant difference in clinical pregnancy rate of the first frozen embryo transfer cycle between the DYG group and the CET group (56% [120/214] vs. 55.6% [113/203], respectively, P = 0.283). There were no significant differences in biochemical pregnancy rates, implantation rates, miscarriage rates or ongoing pregnancy rates between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion Dydrogesterone‐primed ovarian stimulation seems to be an effective alternative to the GnRH antagonist protocol for freeze‐all cycles in PCOS patients.

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Background: The objective of the study was to evaluate a new medical treatment strategy for infertile patients with isthmocele. Methods: This was a retrospective evaluation of the records of infertile patients with symptomatic isthmocele who received non-invasive isthmocele treatment (NIIT) before in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment cycles. Isthmocele volumes were measured before and after NIIT. The IVF results and isthmocele-related complaints were also analyzed. The patients were treated with a depot gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist for 3 months before frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles. Results: The mean isthmocele volume was 471.06 ± 182.81 mm 3 (range: 289.43-765.4 mm 3) in fresh cycles, but was reduced to 47.94 ± 29.48 mm 3 (range: 18.70-105.6 mm 3) in frozen-thawed cycles (P < 0.05). Intrauterine fluid was observed in two patients during fresh cycles, but was absent after NIIT during frozen-thawed cycles. There was no brown bloody discharge on the tip of the embryo transfer catheter in any case after NIIT. Two patients became pregnant and underwent term cesarean delivery (25%). Conclusions: NIIT can serve as an alternative pretreatment option for patients with isthmocele during IVF cycles.