At increases the PV module temperature, electrical efficiency of a photovoltaic cells will be decreases. Due to facing the PV module to the solar irradiance to generate electricity, heating the PV cells is inevitable. A thermal channel collector can be used to absorbed heat from a PV cells, this heat absorbed from the cells can be using for other application, therefore increasing the electrical and conversion efficiency. The thermal collector system consists of a rectangular channel made from insulating materials (form) and on it the round water guides, is mounted to the backside of PV panel, through which water flow. In this modeling and numerical study, to solve this problem, was adding a cooling system to the PV panel. In the result, the benefit from this work to cooling the solar cells and increase the electrical efficiency, also to obtain heat gain in the form of hot water. Shown the simulation results, the absorber of thermal collector channel generates the maximum electrical efficiency of 14.6674% with maximum thermal efficiency of 82.532% at ambient of temperature set between 27°C to 32°C, set the temperature of inlet water at 27°C, water flow rate range (1-5) Liter/minute by increasing ratio of (1Liter/minute) and solar radiation between 300 to 1000 (W/m2) by increasing ratio of 100 (W/m ). Because high effectiveness and perfect the contact surfaces between the PV module and the thermal collector channel underneath, the recommended of (PV/T) system to enhance heat transfer.
In this research paper, it examined the effect of excitation vibration force on the thermal performance of the heat pipe evacuated tube solar collector (HPET-SC). The main target of this work is to predict the temperatures of the water when applied different values of excitation vibration force (frequency). In order to achieve these tasks, it was designed and implemented a new test rig (HPET-SC) from scratch, that containing the vibration unit to generate the excitation vibration force. We added a control board to regulate the magnitude of frequency of the excitation vibration force. The range of the vibration frequency is from 6 to 14 V. All results were compared with the reference case study (static case). All tests were done in Iraq during the winter season. It was found based on the obtained results, that the vibration has a influence on the performance of the heat pipe evacuated tube solar collector, especially when applied the vibration force with high frequency.
Apprehension on contamination carry on to collect a moral arrangement of world interest due to its opposing effect on mortal fitness beside to postponement the surroundings. Current trainings reportable the essential associations between contamination and inevitable syndromes as glowing as an occurrence, falsification, infection, chest throbbing, nausea, respiratory ailment in addition to carcinoma, acute strength properties symbolize eye frustration, headache. The global Health Organization (WHO) statuses that millions persons decease n every time with contamination. The board of this paper is focused on the production investigation totally diverse ratios of two types of coals: LPG (propane) with gasoline (petrol) below changed laedings. The rudiments laboring in the investigation covers 4stroke, spark detonation the TD200 Small Engine Investigation, Gas deconstruct part (Techno investigation (T156/D3)), Gas Movement Meter that processes the LPG. The coals, gasoline in a liter (liters) with LPG in a liter (liters) besides were castoff to assess their impressions on the consume gas production unrestricted. The consequences are apparent that particle numeral attentiveness, (CO) augmented due to the engine loading will rise in gasoline (coal). Consuming LPG, the (CO) attentiveness equal was a fewer, momentous decrease in deplete emanations, conversely extraordinary hotness in the location than coal (gasoline) on engine stocking. The engine, mechanical via LPG coal, presented amended engine presentation in numerous phases containing global efficiency, coal frugality besides emanation physical appearance that are importantly lower from gasoline coal.
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