http://www.eje.cz June in the lowlands (Katsoyannos et al., 1997a). In Turkey, C. septempunctata is reported to spend summer and winter months diapausing on mountains (Bodenheimer, 1943; Güven et al., 2015). Several studies have shown that the durations of the aestivation and overwintering periods determine the number of generations C. septempunctata can complete each year. For instance, C. septempunctata is univoltine in Western and Central Europe (Hodek, 1959; Hagen, 1962) and bivoltine in Eastern and Southern Europe (Dyadechko, 1954). Bodenheimer (1943) assumes that the 2 nd generation of C. septempunctata is completed in autumn because it aestivates in July and August in Israel, where the mean annual temperature is very high. In this study, we aimed to determine the population changes of C. septempunctata that occur in agricultural and non-agricultural areas in the region of Edremit Gulf, where the variation in daily temperature is high, and at aestivo-hibernation sites on Mount Ida. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sampling in cultivated areas in the region of Edremit Gulf In the region of Edremit Gulf in the Aegean sea, samples were collected every 2 weeks at 10 randomly selected sites in olive orchards and other cultivated areas at altitudes between 10 and 250 m from March to September in 2009-2010. At each sampling site, C. septempunctata adults were collected using 100 sweeps
This study has been carried out in the years of 2016–2017 to determine biological parameters of Capsodes infuscatus Brulle (Hemiptera: Miridae) on asphodel (Asphodelus aestivus Broth.) in the pastures of Canakkale, Turkey. In order to determine the population fluctuation of C. infuscatus, counting was done twice in a week on leaves, stems and flowers of plants in two different locations in the pasture. It was determined that the C. infuscatus aestivates in dried asphodel stalks as eggs. The first nymphal stages can be seen at the end of February, while adult population ends at the end of May. It was observed that both the nymphal and adult stages of C. infuscatus were feeding together on A. aestivus from March to May. In 2016, an average of 7.86%, 57.26%, 8.72% and 34.12% C. infuscatus individuals were recorded on plant, leaves, stems and flowers, respectively. In 2017, an average of 22.08%, 67.5%, 15.0% and 17.56% C. infuscatus individuals were recorded on plant, leaves, stems and flowers, respectively. The mortality rates of C. infuscatus nymphal stages were 94.76% in grazing area and 95.77% in non‐grazing area. We concluded that C. infuscatus has potential for the biological control of A. aestivus.
Oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta Busck (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is an important fruit pest with a wide range of host in many fruit producing countries. This study was conducted with the purpose of determining the adult population development of G. molesta on different fruit species in different locations in Çanakkale province of Turkey. With this purpose pheromone traps were placed in peach, cherry and apricot orchards in Central, Biga, Lapseki and Bayramiç districts of Çanakkale province. The traps were checked weekly and the number of adult G. molesta in traps were recorded. At the end of the study, the pest is confirmed to exist in all fruit producing areas of Çanakkale province. First adult emergence was at early May with the adult population continuing until October. The pest has 2-3 generations throughout production season, which may change with relation to fruit species and location. According to the statistical analysis of the data, both location and fruit species have significant effects on adult population development of the pest with the highest population occuring in peach as the fruit species and Lapseki disrict as the location. It is thought that, the differences in adult population density and development between orchards with the same fruit species is caused by different fruit cultivars used in orchards, different treatments by farmers and climate differences.
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