No abstract

No abstract

Objectives:To compare the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thicknesses in three different optic nerve head (ONH) size groups measured by Cirrus spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT).Materials and Methods:Between January and March 2013, 253 eyes of 253 healthy subjects were enrolled in this study (mean age: 42.7±7.4 years [28-62 years]; 121 men and 132 women). The patients were divided into 3 groups according to ONH size: 77 patients in the “small ONH” group (ONH area <1.63 mm2), 90 patients in the “medium ONH” group (ONH area 1.63-1.97 mm2), and 86 patients in the “large ONH” group (ONH area >1.97 mm2).Results:There were significant differences in superior (p=0.008), inferior (p=0.004) and average RNFL thickness (p=0.001) between the small, medium and large ONH groups. Positive correlations between ONH size and inferior/average RNFL thicknesses were significant but very weak (r=0.150, p=0.017 and r=0.157, p=0.013 respectively).Conclusion:RNFL thickness as measured by Cirrus OCT is positively correlated with ONH size and the differences in RNFL thickness were statistically significant between groups. This correlation and difference may be the result of a varying distance between the circular scan and the ONH margin.

In patients with corneal infiltrates and uveitis, sarcoidosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis.

No abstract

Purpose: This study aims to compare the cytotoxic, apoptotic, and oxidative effects of preserved and preservative-free forms of brimonidine 0.15% on the human corneal epithelial cell (HCEC) line.Methods: Time-dependent cytotoxicity studies were performed at 5 and 15 minute and 1, 6, and 24 hour with the Alamar Blue method in HCEC treated with test solutions. For apoptotic studies, Annexin-V and 7-AAD staining were performed and flow cytometry was used. To support this, mRNA expressions and protein expressions of BAX, BCL-2, and caspase-3, -9, -12, which are among the proapoptotic genes, were evaluated by qRT-PCR and Western-Blot method, respectively.Results: Cell viability was 76.4% with the preserved solution and 36.05% with the preservative-free solution at the 5th minute. No significant difference was observed with either solution at the 15-minute mark, while cell viability did not change significantly after 1 hour. In the apoptosis evaluation, it was observed that the preservative-free solution increased the early apoptotic activity to a greater degree (2.91-fold, p<0.05). No significant difference was observed in the ROS levels of either solution compared to the control group. It was determined that the preservative-free solution more prominently triggers apoptosis by activating pro-apoptotic genes and the caspase cascade.Conclusion: It was demonstrated that the preserved solution is less cytotoxic to the HCEC line in the early period, has less early apoptotic activity, and does not significantly increase ROS levels. Further investigations of individual components are necessary to fully understand the toxicity of these ophthalmic solutions.

No abstract

The R7CR-NCT IOP values were high in patients with postsurgical intensive corneal edema. Consequently, the difference between R7CR-NCT IOP and GAT-IOP increased in edematous corneas.