Objective: This study aimed to investigate the impact of listening to pleasant natural sounds on anxiety and physiological parameters in patients undergoing coronary angiography. Methods:The present pragmatic quasi-randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 130 patients undergone elective angiography. The participants were randomly divided into two groups, including a pleasant natural sounds group, and a control group (n½ 65 per group).Spielberger's state/ trait anxiety inventory was used to assess levels of anxiety. The patients' anxiety level and physiological parameters were measured at baseline, before, during, immediately after, and twenty minutes after coronary angiography. Results:The mean level of anxiety was similar in both arms at baseline ,713.1=ݐ( df=128, p= 0.190). The intervention arm displayed significantly lower anxiety levels than the control arm during the intervention (Wilks' lambda 0.11, Pillai's trace 0.89, P 0.001, F 2.05). The physiological parameters (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and oxygen saturation) of both groups showed statistically significant differences (p<0.05) over time and in group-by time interactions. Conclusion:As an effective nursing intervention presenting no side-effects, listening to pleasant natural sounds can be helpful in the management of anxiety.
Abstract:Spiritual well-being harmonizes several dimensions of human life and is essential for coping with diseases. Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) cause crisis in physical, psychological aspects and spiritual dimensions of patients' lives. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of spiritual well-being and its dimensions in patients with ACS. A crosssectional descriptive study was conducted. For data collection, Paloutzian and Ellison's Spiritual Well-being self-report questionnaire was filled in by 364 patients with ACS. Patients referred to cardiac wards of five teaching hospitals in Tehran between August 2011 and April 2012 were recruited using the convenient sampling method. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings revealed that the majority of patients (97.9%) benefited from moderate spiritual well-being, although religious well-being was higher than existential well-being in the patients. It is concluded that nurses are required to improve their cultural and contextual knowledge of patients' spiritual well-being to meet patients' needs in nursing care. Spiritual beliefs can influence coping with diseases, help patients to find meaning and purpose in life to deal with problems resulting from physical and mental illnesses. These findings can be used to suggest the incorporation of religious aspects of spirituality into care programs designed to improve the quality of life of patients with ACS.http://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/jrn Journal of Research in Nursing The findings revealed that the majority of patients (97.9%) benefited from moderate spiritual well-being, although religious well-being was higher than existential well-being in the patients. It is concluded that nurses are required to improve their cultural and contextual knowledge of patients' spiritual well-being to meet patients' needs in nursing care. Spiritual beliefs can influence coping with diseases, help patients to find meaning and purpose in life to deal with problems resulting from physical and mental illnesses. These findings can be used to suggest the incorporation of religious aspects of spirituality into care programs designed to improve the quality of life of patients with ACS.Keywords: acute coronary syndrome, existential well-being, heart disease, religious well-being, spiritual well-being, spirituality. Key points• Tendency to spirituality increases with age;• Creating spiritual meaning in life plays an important role in coping with stressful situations caused by diseases;• It is required to incorporate religion and spirituality into nursing education curricula to prepare nurses to develop care plans designed to improve the quality of life of patients.• Future studies with a qualitative design are suggested to improve our understanding on how spirituality interventions can be incorporated into nurses' care planning from both nurses and patients' perspectives.
IntroductionPsychological factors have always been considered for their role on risk taking behavior such as substance abuse, risky driving and smoking. The aim of this study was to determine the association between smoking behavior and potential personality patterns among high school students in Tabriz, Iran.MethodsThrough a multistage sampling in a cross-sectional study, 1000 students were enrolled to represent the final grade high school student population of Tabriz, Iran in 2013. The personality patterns along with smoking status and some background information were collected through standard questionnaires along with Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III (MCMI-III). Fourteen personality patterns and ten clinical syndromes. ANOVA and Kruskal Wallis tests were used to compare numeric scales among the study participants, with respect to their smoking status. Stata version 13 statistical software package was used to analyze the data. Multivariate logistic regression was used to predict likelihood of smoking by personality status.ResultsTwo logistic models were developed in both of whom male sex was identified as a determinant of regular smoking (1st model) and ever-smoking (2nd model). Depressive personality increased the likelihood of being a regular smoker by 2.8 times (OR=2.8, 95% CI: 1.3–6.1). The second personality disorder included in the model was sadistic personality with an odds ratio of 7.9 (96% CI: 1.2–53%). Histrionic personality increased the likelihood of experiencing smoking by 2.2 times (OR=2.2, 95% CI: 1.6–3.1) followed by borderline personality (OR=2.8, 95% CI: 0.97–8.1).ConclusionHistrionic and depressive personalities could be considered as strong associates of smoking, followed by borderline and sadistic personalities. A causal relationship couldn’t be assumed unless well controlled longitudinal studies reached the same findings using psychiatric interviews.
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