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Aluminosilicates are feed additives used for multiple purposes in the poultry industry. Bentonites, zeolites, and kaolins are types of aluminosilicate compounds that appear in the marketplace due to their capabilities as mycotoxin adsorbents and other qualifications. While there are some differences among their efficacies, anecdotal evidence confirms that these additives ameliorate aflatoxicosis and manure ammonia emission, and improve the durability of pelleted diets. Furthermore, these supplements are safe at 0.2%-1% inclusion levels in the commercial diet of broilers and layers and did not have any adverse effects on productive indices, and even promoted birds' performance. Nevertheless, their upper levels, especially in purified diets, caused an unfavorable interrelationship with the adsorption of nutrients and anticoccidials. Overall, the origin, chemical composition, physical structure, inclusion level, and plausible interactions of aluminosilicates with other dietary components are important factors that should be considered before utilizing these compounds in practical farm situations.

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The use of antibiotics in feed for growth promotion has been restricted in many countries, thus it is of interest to investigate potential alternatives for enhancing growth performance in birds. An experiment was carried out to evaluate the concurrent use of prebiotic and probiotic on gut histology and some blood chemicals of broiler chickens during heat stress. A total of 144 day-old male Ross 308 broiler chicks were randomly divided into 3 treatments. The first treatment was a diluted diet including rice bran without probiotic or prebiotic. The other treatments were fed the diluted diets with a prebiotic (treatment 2) and concurrent use of that prebiotic along with a probiotic (treatment 3). Results showed that villus height was not influenced by feed additives. However, crypt depth significantly increased by feed additives in particular with combination of prebiotic and probiotic. The ratio of villus height to crypt depth significantly decreased in treatments fed prebiotic alone or prebiotic and probiotic together. This finding is indicating the fact that non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs) in high inclusion rate of rice bran caused to villus height erosion. It could be concluded that prebiotic and probiotic caused an increasing of enterocyte proliferation in the crypt of Liberkhun.

Agricultural water management in arid and semi-arid countries such as Iran is of utmost importance. Alterations of water as a major component of each bio system through magnetization have been reviewed in this study. Magnetization process has been used as green technology in industry and agriculture with controversial results. Properties of water such as pH, hydrogen bonds, temperature, structure and its ions can be affected by an external magnetic field. Subsequent modifications have substantial impacts on water quality that is determined for optimum plant and animal production. There are some reports among numerous studies in agronomy, gardening and animal husbandry which claim fruitful influence of this treatment both qualitatively and quantitatively. Nevertheless, there are some controversial reports on the effects of Magnetization. In conclusion, the response of organismsdepends on Magnetization time and intensity, water quality and plant or animal species. These variables should be taken into account for further studies regarding this mysteries process.