Background: allergic rhinitis (AR) is considered a worldwide health disease therefore the lack of knowledge would result in poor adherence to management and preventive protocols and increasing the prevalence of AR. Objectives: evaluating the knowledge, attitude and practice(KAP) of Saudi adult subjects toward AR in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Methods: a cross sectional study conducted on 900 Saudi adult subjects admitted to primary health care centers. The subjects were interviewed and filled up a questionnaire including the respondent's demographics, questions related to knowledge, attitude and practice. Results: most of the respondents aged from31-45 years old, 59.7% were females and 49% were graduated from college.30% of participants had a family history of allergic rhinitis and 34% suffered from allergic rhinitis. Inadequate KAP was found among the participants with higher KAP scores related with higher educational degree. But there were no association between KAP level and gender or age. Conclusion: an inadequate knowledge was found among most of respondents thus resulting in poor attitude and practice pattern. Also, higher educational levels were associated with higher KAP scores.

Smokeless tobacco (ST) use is a significant health risk and cause of disease. Most studies conducted in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) focused on cigarette smoking. Therefore, the objective was to study the epidemiologic pattern and types of oral ST usage in northern and western Saudi Arabia. A total of 428 volunteers living in three cities (Hail, Mecca, and Tabuk) were investigated. All of the study subjects were currently ST users of one type or more, including toombak, shammah, pan masala (PM), Afdhal, Nashooq, and others. Most of the study population were found to use toombak representing 127/428 (29.7%), followed by shammah, PM, Afdhal, Nashooq, Adani, Qat, Majun, and others, representing 67/428 (15.7%), 66/428 (15.4%), 44/428 (10.3%), 36/428 (8.4%), 32/428 (7.5%), 23/428 (5.4%), 22/428 (5.1%), 21/428 (4.9%), and 13/428 (3%) respectively. This survey showed a high prevalence of existing ST usage among foreign workers and Saudis, which can establish a prospective public health problem. Smokeless tobacco cessation is a crucial element of tobacco control policy since it is the most important determinant of many diseases, including oral cancer. Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Oral cancer, Pan masala, Shammah, Smokeless tobacco, Toombak.

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Background: Myopia or near-sightedness is the most frequent cause of vision deterioration with growing burden worldwide. Although myopia is hereditary, nearsightedness is tremendously increasing due to endlessly focusing on close objects. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to assess the burden of nearsightedness and its related risk factors among medical students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).

Background: Several studies have well-established the relationship between breast cancer and etiological hormonal factors. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine breast cancer related awareness and approach toward exposure to diverse patterns of hormones among women in Northern Saudi Arabia. Methodology: This is a cross sectional survey included 400 Saudi females' volunteers living in the city of Hail, Northern Saudi Arabia. Knowledge, awareness and approach toward exposure to diverse patterns of hormones and breast cancer risk were evaluated using different variables during interview. Results: On asking the participants the question "Does the over exposure to hormones (ER) increases the risk of breast cancer" Out of 387 respondents, 47.5% answered yes increases the risk of breast cancer. On asking the participants the question "Does early puberty and late menopause increase the risk of breast cancer" Out of 395 respondents, 35.2% answered yes increases the risk of breast cancer. Conclusion: Knowledge of hormonal breast cancer risk factors is not so strong so as to achieve the intended values in Northern Saudi Arabia. Knowledge of breast cancer risk factors can powerfully participate to the breast cancer prevention struggles, which will have the chief results mainly if started at an early age and continued over a lifetime.

Background: Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of deaths in females worldwide. Increased Knowledge about breast cancer associated risk factors will prevent a number of people from getting the disease.Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate knowledge and attitudes related to the relationship between smoking, alcohol, radiation, cosmetics use and risk of breast cancer in the Northern Saudi Arabia. Methodology: This is a descriptive cross sectional study conducted in Northern Saudi Arabia. Essential identification data about smoking, alcohol, radiation, cosmetics use as risk for breast cancer were took from 555 Saudi volunteers living in the city of Hail, Saudi Arabia. Results: When asking the participants the question "Do you think tobacco smoking can increase the risk of breast cancer?" Out of 549 respondents, 23.7% stated yes and the remaining 76.3% stated that smoking doesn't increase the risk of breast cancer. When the participants were asked "Do you think exposure to radiation increase the risk of breast cancer?" Out of 549 respondents, only 15.5% stated yes and the remaining 84.5% stated that radiation exposure doesn't increase the risk of breast cancer. When the participants were asked "Do you think exposure to some cosmetics usage increase the risk of breast cancer?" Out of 547 respondents, about 62.7% stated yes and the remaining 37.3% stated that cosmetic use doesn't increase the risk of breast cancer. Conclusion: Although, the great majority of study population were females, the knowledge level of breast cancer risk related to cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption and radiation exposure is very low.