Wireless power transfer (WPT) system based on a dynamic wireless charging (DWC) scheme, eliminates waiting time for charging electric vehicles (EVs), increases the range of motion, reduces the size of Li-ion battery, and automates the charging process. In the DWC method, an EV frequently passes the charger transmitter pads at maximum speed to charge the onboard battery. The charger must have a quick and smooth transient response that employs the proper charging strategy for the battery. Here, a model predictive controller (MPC) is proposed to deploy a suitable DWC based on constant current/voltage (CC/CV) charging protocol. The designed MPC functionality is demonstrated by simulation and experimental results for both CC/CV strategies while battery state of charge (SOC) is estimated by a simple and stable technique in the primary side. The applied CC/CV MPC scheme performs properly in all conditions with a fast critically damped start-up, which makes it a potential choice to charge EV in dynamic and static modes. The simulation results of the proposed controller are verified by implementing a 90 W WPT testbed at 85.5 kHz switching frequency and 100 mm coils' air gap.
Self- and mutual inductances are major design parameters for wireless power transfer (WPT) systems. To optimize a WPT system and estimate its performance in terms of received power and efficiency, it is essential to obtain a simple, fast, and accurate calculation of these two parameters. The polarized double-D (DD) coils were selected due to their simplicity of structure, high efficiency, and low sensitivity to misalignment conditions. This paper presents analytical calculations of self- and mutual inductance using the Biot-Savart law for DD coils. The results of the analytical calculations of mutual inductance in different distances between coils were investigated, and the results of the calculations were verified using experimental and finite element method (FEM) simulation results. This paper also presents analytical and FEM-based optimization guidelines for the coupling coefficient of the transmitter coil.
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