ABSTRACT:The use of satellite data to estimate air temperature (T a ) near the Earth's surface has become an effective way for a large area with high spatial and temporal resolution. In this study, M5 model tree was used to estimate T a in Khuzestan province (in the southwest of Iran) using satellite remotely sensed land surface temperature (T s ) data acquired by the MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)-Terra sensor. The input variables for the M5 model tree were the daytime and nighttime MODIS T s , extraterrestrial solar radiation and Julian day. A total of 365 images of MOD11A1 T s product for the year 2007, covering the area of this study were collected from the Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center (LP DAAC). The results of this study showed that mean daily T a can be estimated with acceptable levels of the statistical indicators from MODIS data and from the two geographic parameters using the M5 model. Root mean square error and R 2 for the comparison between observed and estimated T a for the tested data are 2.3 and 0.96 • C, respectively.KEY WORDS air temperature; M5 model tree; MODIS-Terra sensor; Iran
The present study is an attempt to show how changes in land use and land cover would change the quantity of surface water resources in a river basin in northwestern Iran. In order to detect the changing trend of surface water quantity in the river basin, the long-term statistic data of sediment load and river discharge were gathered over the period between 1987 and 2013. For land use change detection of the river basin, the land use land cover maps of the study area in the years of 1987, 1998, 2002, 2009, and 2013 were prepared from Landsat satellite images using supervised classification method. The changing trend of river discharge showed a significant and positive relationship with rain-fed agriculture (R2 = 0.8152), poor rangeland (R2 = 0.7978), and urban areas (R2 = 0.8377). There was also a strong negative correlation between water discharge and irrigated agriculture (R2 = 0.7286) and good rangeland (R2 = 0.8548). In conclusion, increasing the area of rain-fed agriculture, good rangeland (type IV), and urban land uses, due to their effects on increasing the runoff, have caused an increase in the water flow of Zanjanroud River.
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