BackgroundN-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC) is usually used as antidote for prevention of acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity. In present study we have evaluated efficacy of oral silymarin in its prevention in rats intoxicated with lethal dose of acetaminophen.MethodsA total of 50 Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups. The first group received only vehicle of acetaminophen and served as control. The second group was given 800 mg/kg acetaminophen by gavage with an orogastric canula. The third, fourth and fifth groups were given 300 mg/kg NAC and 150 and 300 mg/kg silymarin respectively. Analysis of serum AST, ALT, and ALP and liver histopathology were employed for assessment of hepatotoxicity.ResultsMean serum ALT levels were significantly increased in the APAP group rats. The mean serum ALT levels returned to normal in both NAC treated and silymarin treated groups. Silymarin (150 mg/kg) had prevented hepatocytes necrosis similar to NAC. No severe hepatotoxicity were seen in groups 3 and 4; while it is seen in 70% of animals in group 2.ConclusionWe found that a single dose of orally administered silymarin (150 mg/kg) significantly attenuated acetaminophen-induced liver damage in rat. Oral silymarin can be used in these patients instead of NAC.
Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease with a variable and unpredictable course. This disease has noticeable consequences and by causing limitations in the life style of patients affects their quality of life. Objectives:In this study, we evaluated the quality of life (QOL) of these patients in the remission period of this disease. Methods: Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in 96 patients suffering from UC in clinical remission phase were evaluated by the use of two questionnaires of IBDQ and SF-36 which evaluate the domains of QOL and physical-psychological health, respectively. Results were analyzed by independent sample t-test and regression analysis using of SPSS version 22.Results: Mean total scores from SF-36 and IBDQ tests were 79.5 ± 17.7 and 48.8 ± 9.5, respectively. Based on the results of IBD-Q test, the least score was given to the systemic symptoms (11.01 ± 3.17) and the most was related to the emotional function (30.06 ± 8.03). In the domain of physical-psychological health, physical health (15.06 ± 25.7) compared to the psychological health (33.5 ± 7.8) had a higher score. In addition, the mean total score from the IBD-Q test (P = 0.017), intestinal symptoms (P = 0.015) and emotional function (P = 0.007) were statistically more significant in males compared to the females. Conclusions:In patients suffering from UC in the remission phase males had a better HRQOL compared to females. Also remission period and absence of EIM have a positive effect on the QOL of these patients.
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