Establishing an investment promotion agency (IPA) has become a very popular institutional approach in the strategic promotion of foreign direct investment (FDI) across nations and regions worldwide. In this article, we examine the role of IPAs in improving the FDI environment and promoting inward FDI. The task of the article is, with the help of qualitative methods of research, to determine the promotion techniques and tools that lead to a better FDI performance and verify them in the cases of such investment promotion agencies as Invest Lithuania and Invest in Lviv Region (Ukraine).
In the first part of the paper, which is dedicated to the theories related to MNEs, strategic management, FDI and global production networks, a variety of theoretical and empirical literature is examined. The main ideas related to MNEs and FDI are based on Dunning, whereas Dicken and Mellahi contributed to the topics related to strategic management and global production networks. Furthermore papers of the European Investment Bank (EIB) about the internationalisation of production in Europe give some basic ideas. Many other scholars are used to illustrate the topic as well. In the empirical part data from sources such as the German Central Bank, EU, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and the German chamber of commerce (DIHK) will be analyzed together with academic papers of various writers like Marin or Nordas.
Santrauka
Vokietijos tarptautinių bendrovių investicijos į gamybos tinklus naujose ES narėse Vidurio Europoje bei Baltijos šalyse pasiskirsto labai netolygiai, todėl pagrindinis šio tyrimo tikslas – nustatyti pagrindinius veiksnius, lemiančius Vokietijos investicijas šiose šalyse. Autoriai naudoja aprašomąją statistiką bei regresinę analizę verslo aplinkoms skirtingose šalyse palyginti ir nustatyti jų poveikį tiesioginių užsienio investicijų mastui. Tyrimo metu nustatyta, kad Vokietijos investicijose ištirtas šalis dominuoja vertikalios investicijos, o daugiausia jų pritraukia Čekijos Respublika, Vengrija ir Slovakija dėl palankios investicijų skatinimo politikos, pakankamos vidutinės kvalifikacijos darbo jėgos, lankstesnes darbo politikos, geografinės padėties ir kitų veiksnių.
Straipsnyje nagrinėjama investicinės aplinkos svarba tiesioginėms užsienio investicijoms (TUI) ir TUI svarba šalies ekonomikai. Ekonometriniais modeliais, tarptautiniais reitingais nustatoma TUI priklausomybė nuo makroekonominių veiksnių, įvertinamos TUI Lietuvoje perspektyvos.Raktiniai žodžiai: tiesioginės užsienio investicijos, TUI veiksniai, gravitacijos modelis, konkurencingumo reitingai, TUI perspektyvos.This article analyses the importance of the investment environment for foreign direct investment (FDI) and FDI importance for the economy. FDI dependence on macroeconomic factors and the prospects of FDI in Lithuania are determined and evaluated using international ratings and econometric models.
The article presents an analysis of the production and trade structure in three Baltic countries. Both exports and imports were emphasized, pointing out the importance of regional shifts and specialization patterns. The research was performed using the input-output model to determine the relative importance of respective production changes over time and the key differences among the Baltic countries. The paper also analyses the backward and forward inter-industry linkages of manufacturing and service industries. The results have indicated that during the period under analysis the share of sectors creating a lower value added has decreased, and a deeper economic integration was observed in the majority of industrial sectors of the Baltic countries with manifesting stronger forward linkages.
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