Background: Growing rates and causes of medical errors made by nurses have just arisen as a substantial concern that can consequence to mortality and frailty of numerous individuals annually. Evaluating nurses' competency is challenging as no single method is deprived of its assessment. Thus, it led to recognize influencing characteristics towards nurses' competency in healthcare services delivery. Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study assessed nurses' competency of a purposive sample of 211 registered nurses employed in selected private and public hospitals of Central Luzon, Philippines. Results: Most of the respondents were under 21-60 years old (mean=31.64, SD=2.46), predominantly single 146 (69.20%), female 131 (62.10%), registered nurses 162 (76.80%) that were permanently employed as staff nurses 128 (60.70%) for 1-30 years in service (mean=6.43, SD=1.85) that earned Php 6,000-60,000 (mean=17.951, SD=3.68) which is less than expected to receive. Overall, nurses had positive perceptions toward their competency (mean 4.49 ± SD 0.88). Among the seven-dimension competency scale, 'legal/ethical practice' was the highest mean score (mean 4.60 ± SD 0.55) reported, while 'teaching-coaching' (mean 4.36 ± SD 0.62) the lowest. Permanent nurses revealed higher self-perceived competencies than non-permanent ones. Comparing nurses' nature of work, nurses had better self-perceived competencies than other field of work. It was also emphasized that demographic and work-related characteristics towards perspective on nursing competency had significant differences using multivariate analyses. Conclusion: This study highlighted nurses' competency in delivering healthcare services in the Philippines. Demographic (marital) and work-related (nature of work, salary, length of service) characteristics affect their competency level. They have greater competency level in their workplace with permanency at work. Finally, the results provided unique theoretical underpinning that expands on previous knowledge and literature on factors that affect the nurses' competency level.

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is still challenged by the shortage of nurses despite the improvement of its healthcare system's overall efficiency (Tandon et al., 2000). According to the Ministry of Health (MOH), Saudis only constitute 38% of the total workforce, in which 32.3% are nurses (Almalki et al., 2011). In 2012, the MOH reported that expatriate nurses accounted for 63.82% of the Saudi Arabia nursing workforce, most were from the Philippines or India. Because of the diverse nursing preparations of nurses working in Saudi Arabia, professional competencies in terms of "critical thinking and research aptitude," "clinical care," "leadership," "legal and ethical practice," "professional development," "interpersonal relationships" and "teaching and coaching" may somewhat be varied; thus, will affect the delivery of healthcare services to Saudi population.The concept of nursing competency has been extensively discussed in various literature in terms of quality nursing care and safety. Evidence highlights the importance for organizations to give attention to professional competency in nurses to maintain safety and quality service for its clientele (Heydari et al., 2016). Although

Acceptance of roles in the care of older adults by a family caregiver depends on factors emanating from commitment to familial relationships, widespread cultural expectation, and debt of gratitude. This study aims to develop a theory that explains the acceptance of the role of caregiving of the older adults by the family caregiver necessary to predict behavioral adaptation and control caring phenomenon that favors successful meeting of caring expectation across trajectory phases and transitions. A deductive axiomatic approach to theory generation was utilized, resulting in four axioms that served as bases for four propositions. Acceptance Theory of Family Caregiving implies that older adults who expect their children to take care of them as they age have cultural influence and that the acceptance of the role will determine the caregiver’s acceptance of consequences in the form of physical, economical, psychological, and spiritual aspects. In terms of preparedness, family members who accept the possibility of the decline of their older adults are more likely to be assume caregiving roles efficaciously. In the process that family members face in this so-called trajectory caregiving process, resources play a significant role. The developed theory suggests that the care of the older adult in the family caregiving process is determined by the acceptance of role assumption by the family caregiver across trajectory phases. This study highlights the vital implication of acceptance of role assumption to the outcomes of the caregiving process with respect to older adult care, prevention of family caregiver burden, and establishment of strong familial and social relationships.

As a dynamic developmental process, the older population further displays the capacity to resist change over time, improve resilience, and keep a basis for the continuity working and progress over positive management of detrimental consequences of life risks and difficulties. This study aims at developing a theory that endeavors to explore the process of developing aging-related resiliency in people’s later in life that can lead to a successful aging experience. In the development of a theory, this study utilized a deductive reasoning approach specifically, using the axiomatic approach. Aging-related Resiliency Theory was efficaciously developed by three propositions generated from four axioms that were derived after reviewing several sets of literature and studies. This developed theory implies that various deleterious events in life activate older persons to respond, adapt, and recover effectively. Acceptance emerges as they acknowledge the natural effects of aging while taking adaptive strategies and supportive resources to be resilient to one’s environment. In this sense, it impacts their optimistic outlook towards successful aging. Based on the extraction of axioms, such propositions denoted those older adults call to respond with their total capacity to accept, adapt, recover, and continuously resist deleterious life experiences while using enriched coping strategies and resources towards an optimistic outlook in achieving successful aging. Therefore, emphasizing to improve their capacity to respond to natural decline to essential processes could benefit them at promoting a healthier life span.

Literature indicates that burnout emphasizes its implication in the development of safety issues governing healthcare providers with physical and mental exhaustion associated with it. This study advocated determining burnout and its possible effect on key performance indicators on patient safety outcomes and in the eventual recommendation of preventive actions in policies governing nursing practice. Specifically, it ventured to determine the relationship between nurses’ burnout and their compliance with safety outcomes. A quantitative correlational study was designed to determine 274 purposive samples of registered nurses from participating government and non-government hospitals in Tarlac and Pampanga, Philippines towards their burnout and its relationship on key performance indicators on patient safety outcomes. Data were collected through two standardized self-administered questionnaires, Oldenburg Inventory Scale and the Key Performance Indicators on Patient Safety Outcomes Questionnaire, between February and May 2020. The study revealed that nurses, with a mean age of 27.86 (SD+4.81) years, experienced burnout due to work disengagement (18.10+2.812) and exhaustion (19.81+2.910). Safety guidelines on patient outcomes related to blood management (3.74+0.538) and fall prevention (3.15+0.468) received the highest mean scores with pressure ulcer management (2.82+0.597), the lowest. The study found several significant correlations between nurses’ disengagement, exhaustion, and total burnout with their overall safety culture (r=0.321, p=0.000; r=-0.225, p=0.003). All identified relationships showed a negative correlation suggesting that higher burnout scores are significantly related to lower safety culture scores. Nurses' ability to provide standard-based measures in upholding safety as a priority can be compromised at a considerable level. Recognizing the role of nurses' well-being in healthcare, policymakers should not only emphasize the need for evidence-based, quality, and safe interventions but also investigate the nurses' work conditions and contributory factors for burnout.

Resilience has been identified as a dynamic process of sustaining healthy acceptance, adaptation, and effective coping strategies – multiplicity within the aging population is broadly acknowledged. Recognize the concept of resiliency with acceptance in aging interposes during successful aging. Seven 65-75-year-old adult purposive samples were interviewed, and data were collected, extracted, analyzed, and validated with four neutral major themes and 12 supporting subthemes using Colaizzi's method. The study was designed to validate a proposition in the aging-related resiliency theory, which states that when risks and adversities of aging are accepted, older adults tend to use adaptive strategies and supportive resources to improve their coping and resilience. Seven older adults (65-75 years old) purposive samples were interviewed, and data were collected, extracted, analyzed, and validated with four neutral major themes and 12 supporting subthemes using Colaizzi's method. During the COVID-19 pandemic, it is essential to include healthcare interventions that may augment acceptance and resilience in a manner of promoting older adults' healthy aging. It is also important to provide guidelines on how to reduce the negative effects on older adults during the pandemic.