A b s t r a c t. The plant seed embryo tissue cell, including the cell membrane and the intracellular and extracellular regions, was modelled as a spherical body. Equations for the three components in spherical coordinates were developed to calculate potassium ions flux in the presence of a stationary magnetic field. Simultaneous mathematical simulations of radial flux for potassium, calcium and chloride ions as well as membrane potential and osmotic pressure were calculated. Results obtained by computerized simulation showed that a magnetic field of 200 mT provoked some changes in cellular ionic concentration with respect to exposure time during first 30 s, which also impacted on the membrane potential and osmotic pressure values.K e y w o r d s: magnetic field, ions, membrane, model, seed INTRODUCTIONThe effects of magnetic field on post-germination processes in seeds have been studied for some time (Aladjadjiyan, 2007;Flórez et al, 2007;Pietruszewski et al., 2007). The principal results show that some values of magnetic induction and exposure time provoke increments in germination percent, root and stem length as well as the biomass, at second week after sowing (Galland and Pazur, 2005). These effects are still waiting for clarification from the theoretical point of view because they involve numerous factors that affect germination and plant development. Modification in chlorophyll content (Taia et al., 2007), peroxidase content (Atak et al., 2007), increased water adsorption (Socorro and Fraga, 2007), rate growth increments at later stages of the vegetative cycle (De Souza et al., 2006) and increased yield (Rochalska et al., 2009) have been found experimentally. Nevertheless, exposures of different species to equal magnetic fields do not provide the same experimental results (Pietruszewski et al., 2007). Several announcements (with commercial purposes) have erroneously proposed that exposure of any biological organism to magnetic field of any strength always provides benefits to the organism (González, 2003). Although magnetic induction values below 400 mT do not provoke damage to DNA (Suzuki et al., 2001), such exposure may or may not benefit living organisms: the type of magnetic field and its intensity must be taken into account. For example, stationary and variable magnetic field effects are not equal, while quantifiable values of magnetic field induction on biological tissue are relatively very low (near the nanoTesla level). On the other hand, magnetic induction values between 10 and 200 mT can interact with the flux of charged particles through the cell membrane and modify their corresponding concentrations. This in turn may affect the osmotic mechanism governing water flux (osmoregulation) . Increases in the cytokine and auxin synthesis have been suggested to explain lengthening of plant organs after exposure to magnetic fields (Atak et al., 2003). The theory which underlies the interaction between the seed (specifically the tissues that comprise it) and a stationary magnetic field is very complex. A...
In order to analyze the treatment of seeds with homogeneous static magnetic field on the water adsorption process, an experimental-theoretical study of hygroscopic equilibrium in maize seeds (Zea mays L. cv. ICAV305) was carried out. Four treatments with magnetic induction of 80.0, 120.0, 160.0, and 200.0 mT were applied for 10 min, and there was a control group without treatment. The doses were selected because they showed a decrease in mean germination time. Treated seeds were subjected to an environment with a stable temperature of 30.0 °C ± 0.1 °C and atmospheres of different relative humidity (h), using eight salt solutions saturated with water activity between 0.216 and 0.970. Curves were adjusted using the D'Arcy-Watt and modified Oswin models. It was found that the magnetic treatment of seeds affects adsorption, and the 200 mT-10 min one was the most significant in affecting the mechanisms of adsorption of water, and increasing the number of adsorption sites connected to weak binds with D'Arcy-Watt's adjustment. Using the Oswin model for simulation, we verified that the magnetic stimulus affected the enthalpy of adsorption and the mechanism of incorporation of water vapor molecules to the structure of seminal cover. These results show that the magnetic pre-treatment of seeds has an effect on a seed's specific biophysical and physiological processes in the early stages of germination. Bioelectromagnetics. 39:343-351, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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