Resumen.A partir de la interpretación de los datos proporcionados fundamentalmente por el registro arqueológico y epigráfico se han propuesto y descrito diversas situaciones y procesos de crisis y resiliencia en época maya prehispánica, analizando sus manifestaciones y tratando de inferir sus causas y consecuencias, así como, en su caso, las respuestas y estrategias seguidas por los actores implicados para su superación. Este discurso se ha realizado normalmente desde el punto de vista etic del investigador, señalando y valorando diversos marcadores como indicadores de existencia de episodios o situaciones de crisis. En este trabajo buscamos identificar las categorías que los propios mayas usaron para identificar, describir y valorar moralmente situaciones de crisis, con objeto de comparar los resultados obtenidos del análisis arqueológico y epigráfico con la evidencia emic. Para ello analizaremos las fuentes escritas mayas de época colonial, fundamentalmente textos literarios, históricos y proféticos, donde se describen épocas categorizadas como malas, míseras, de padecimiento o infelices.Abstract. Based upon the interpretation of data that were essentially provided by archaeological and epigraphic records, different circumstances as well as processes of crises and resilience have been proposed during the prehispanic maya period. These circumstances and processes have been analyzed in an attempt to infer their causes and consequences as well as the responses and strategies followed by individuals who were affected and how they were able to overcome them. The circumstances and processes were usually interpreted from the researcher's ethic perspective who pinpoints and assesses different markers or signs as evidence of the existence of crisis episodes and/or calamity situations. In this contribution we attempt to distinguish the categories or indicators that the maya themselves used to identify, describe, and value crisis situations at a moral level. We then compare the results we obtained from the archaeological and epigraphic records with the emic evidence. To achieve our goal, we will analyze written maya Colonial manuscripts such as literary texts as well as historical and prophetic documents where epochs or times were labeled as bad, misery, suffering, or doomed.
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