The microstructure characterization and mechanical properties of a reinforced cement by the introduction of polypropylene fibres creating a composite material with a reduction of the weight and possible regulation of the times of setting has been carried out. A detailed microstructure determination has been made first time by environmental scanning electron microscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy. The final surface of this composite after setting is different according to the contacts areas of mold, while the bulk microstructure is very homogeneous, depicting uniform distribution of fibres into the matrix.A. García Santos, J.Ma. Rincón, M. Romero, R. Talero. Characterization of a polypropylene fibered cement composite using ESEM, FESEM and mechanical testing
La influencia de los productos hidrofugantes en las modificaciones cromáticas del ladrillo cerámicoThe influence of water repellent products on the chromatic modifications of the ceramic brick
RESUMENSe analiza la variación cromática, color y luminosidad, que sufre el soporte cerámico protegido por la incorporación de un tratamiento con productos hidrofugantes.Se propone una metodología nueva, basada en el modelo RGB donde se obtienen valores cuantificables de cada muestra cerámica mediante medición digital del color (histogramas de imagen), tomándose como base el mismo tipo de cerámica sin hidrofugar.La variación cromática está determinada por el tipo de hidrofugante y por el material de base, obteniéndose los siguientes resultados:• Todos los hidrofugantes estudiados producen variación en la tonalidad y luminosidad de la pieza.• El ladrillo rojo inglés (R) es el que presenta menor variación de luminosidad y tonalidad al ser tratado con hidrofugantes. • El hidrofugante de componente siliconatos es el que menor variación cromática produce en dos de los tres ladrillos estudiados, tostado (T) y rojo inglés (R).Palabras clave: ladrillo cerámico, polímero, propiedades superficiales, color, hidrofugantes.
SUMMARYChromatic variation, colour and luminosity, undergone by the ceramic support protected by the incorporation of a treatment with water repellent products, is analysed.A new methodology is suggested, based on RGB model where quantifiable values from each ceramic sample are obtained through digital measurement of the colour (image histograms), taking as a base the same type of ceramics with no water repellents.Chromatic variation is determined by the type of water repellent and the base material, obtaining the following results:• All the water repellent studied cause variations in the shade and luminosity of the piece.• English red brick (R) is the one presenting less variation of luminosity and shade since it's been treated with water repellents.• The water repellent of siliconates component is the one which causes less chromatic variation in two of the three bricks studied, the dark brown (T) and the English red (R) one.
Hidrocarburo alifático derivado del petróleo. Figura 1. Esquema de toma de datos: imágenes original y analizada. La interdisciplinariedad en los estudios arqueométricos: Alteración de pigmentos y materiales cerámicos afectados por cambios degenerativos.
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