Pretrial is a new innovation in the Criminal Code. Pretrial intention is as a "translation" of the substance of habeas corpus rights. Pretrial become one of the court's discretion horizontally over the application of the force by the police, prosecutors, and theCommission, which include the validity of the arrest, detention, discontinuation of the investigation or the discontinuation of the prosecution, compensation / rehabilitation, and the validity of objects seized as a means of proof and determination of the suspect. With the institution of pretrial these "prisoners" or suspects who set olek Commission authorized by law to exercise supervision over the course of a forceful measures in the process of determination of the investigation after the enactment itself becomes suspect. The purpose of this monitoring, among other things kongkritisasi Aqusatoir concept of human rights and with the principles of presumption of innocence Absraksi: Praperadilan merupakan inivasi baru(lembaga baru) dalam KUHAP. Praperadilanmerupakan tempat mengadukan pelanggaran hak-hak azasi manusia, sebab niat praperadilan adalah sebagai “terjemahan” habeas corpus yang merupakan substasi HAM. Sebab penyusunan KUHAP banyak disemangati oleh hukum internasional yang telah menjadi Internasional Custamory Law. Praperadilan sebagai salah satu kewenangan pengadilan secara horizontal atas penerapan upaya paksa oleh polisi,jaksa,dan KPK. Yang meliputi sah atau tidaknya penangkapan, penahanan, penghentian penyidikan atau penghentian penuntutan, ganti rugi/rehabilitasi, sah atau tidaknya benda yang disita sebagai alat pembuktian dan penetapan tersangka,Lembaga praperadilan merupakan bagian mekanismesistem peradilan pidana yang diatur dalam KUHAP. Dengan adanya lembaga praperadilan ini “pesakitan” atau tersangka yang ditetapkan olek KPK diberi hak oleh Undang-undang untuk melakukan pengawasan atas jalanya suatu upaya paksa dalam proses penetapan penyidikan setelah ditetapkannya seseorang menjadi tersangka oleh Polisi, Jaksa dan KPK. Pesakitan disini bisa tersangka atau instansi yang relefan, tujuan adanya pengawasan ini antara lain untuk kongkriyisasi konsep HAM dengan prinsip Aqusatoir dan praduga tidak bersalah yang juga dimuat dalam KUHAP. DOI: 10.15408/jch.v4i1.3201
The government's role in providing social assistance to reduce poverty has been going very well. However, in practice, there are obstacles to collecting and verifying data on prospective beneficiaries, so fast, precise, and accurate information is needed through the participation of the Community or Community to provide information regarding potential beneficiaries—social assistance. This study's goal is to create and develop a model of the Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) system involving the participation of the Community to determine the effectiveness of the distribution of social assistance by the government and to support the role of a transparent government or good government. This research method is descriptive research with quantitative and qualitative descriptive approaches. This system also refers to the design, development, and stages of the VGI system process suitable for a crowd or community-based approach. The expected result is a VGI-based geographic information system: First: Collect and observe data on social assistance recipients in Aceh Tengah district, Aceh Province. Second: Designing and implementing a VGI-based geographic information system. Third: System testing through two stages: system functional and non-functional testing. The final results of this research are a web-based VGI Social Assistance system model and, for volunteers, the Android-based VGI Social Assistance application.
This study analyzes the implementation of restorative justice in the settlement of criminal law disputes in Minangkabau by Kerapatan Adat Nagari (KAN). Kerapatan Adat Nagari (KAN) is customary institutions ratified in state regulations. Traditionally, these institutions have the authority to resolve legal problems occurred in Minangkabau community. Empirical legal research was used in this study. The primary legal sources of this research are Nan Duo Puluah Law applied in Minangkabau community and the interview of the Head of Kerapatan Adat Nagari (KAN) Minangkabau. The KAN interviewed were the Head of KAN Nagari Batu Ampa Regency of Lima Puluh Kota, the Head of KAN Nagari Tigo Jangko Regency of Tanah Datar, and Minangkabau Indigenous Community Leaders. In addition, books, research reports, and legal experts’ opinions were used as the secondary legal sources of the study. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the method of resolving criminal law disputes by KAN actually contains the theory of restorative justice, even before this theory developed as it is today. Regarding compliance with the results of dispute resolution by KAN, the Minangkabau community has reached the level of internalization compliance. Because for the Minangkabau people, KAN is an inseparable part of their customs.Keywords: Restorative Justice; Dispute Resolution; Minangkabau Community AbstrakStudi ini menganalisis implementasi restorative justice dalam penyelesaian sengketa hukum pidana di Minangkabau oleh Kerapatan Adat Nagari (KAN). Kerapatan Adat Nagari merupakan lembaga adat yang dilegalkan dalam peraturan negara. Secara adat, lembaga tersebut memiliki kewenangan dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan hukum yang terjadi di masyarakat Minangkabau. Untuk memudahkan dalam menganalisis penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan penelitian hukum empiris. Kemudian yang menjadi sumber hukum primer penelitian ini adalah Undang-Undang Nan Duo Puluah yang diimplementasikan pada masyarakat Minangkabau. Selain itu, peneliti juga mewawancarai Ketua Kerapatan Adat Nagari (KAN) Minangkabau. Adapun Ketua KAN yang diwawancarai adalah Ketua KAN Nagari Batu Ampa Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota, Ketua KAN Nagari Tigo Jangko di Kabupaten Tanah Datar, dan Tokoh Masyarakat Adat Minangkabau. Untuk sumber hukum sekunder, peneliti menggunakan buku, laporan penelitian, dan pendapat ahli hukum. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode penyelesaian sengketa hukum pidana oleh KAN sebenarnya sudah mengandung teori restorative justice, bahkan sebelum teori ini berkembang seperti sekarang ini. Mengenai kepatuhan terhadap hasil penyelesaian sengketa oleh KAN, masyarakat Minangkabau sudah mencapai tingkat kepatuhan internalization. Sebab bagi masyarakat Minangkabau, KAN merupakan bagian yang tidak bisa dilepaskan dari adat istiadat mereka.Kata Kunci: Restorative Justice; Penyelesaian Sengketa; Minangkabau
Permasalahan utama dalam penelitian ini adalah ketidaktepatan penjatuhan pidana oleh Hakim kepada pelaku dalam kasus pencurian dengan pemberatan pada Putusan Nomor 143/Pid.B/2015/PN.Dmk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis faktor yang melatarbelakangi terjadinya pencurian dengan pemberatan dan pertimbangan Hakim dalam menjatuhkan pidana terhadap pelaku dalam Putusan Nomor 143/Pid.B/2015/PN.Dmk. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang melatarbelakangi terjadinya tindak pidana pencurian dengan pemberatan dalam putusan Nomor 143/Pid.B/2015/PN.Dmk oleh AD sebagai pelaku turut serta melakukan pencurian dengan pemberatan yaitu disebabkan oleh faktor ekonomi karena ia merupakan tulang punggung keluarga dan harus memenuhi kebutuhan hidup baik untuk dirinya maupun keluarganya. Kemudian, oleh karena semua unsur dalam dakwaan primair telah terpenuhi, Hakim menjatuhkan pidana kepada pelaku dengan dakwaan kesatu yaitu pelaku melanggar Pasal 363 Ayat (1) Ke-3, Ke-4, dan Ke-5 KUHP. Hakim sudah tepat mengambil keputusan yaitu mengadili pelaku dengan tindak pidana pencurian dalam keadaan memberatkan akan tetapi hukuman yang dijatuhkan oleh Hakim sangatlah minim dan lebih rendah dari apa yang dituntut oleh Jaksa Penuntut Umum karena pelaku sebelum melakukan tindak pidana pencurian dengan pemberatan baru saja keluar dari Lembaga Pemasyarakatan (Lapas) dengan kasus Penggelapan dalam Putusan Nomor 133/Pid.B/2014/PN.Pti dan sudah pernah dihukum. Maka dari itu, hukuman yang diberikan kepada pelaku tidaklah sebanding dengan apa yang dilakukannya dan sebaiknya Hakim juga mempertimbangkan dampak dan kerugian yang ditimbulkan bagi korban akibat perbuatan pelaku.AbstractThe main problem in this research is the inaccuracy of the sentence handed down by the judge to the perpetrator of the robbery case weighing Decision Number 143/Pid.B/ 2015/PN.Dmk. This study aims to see and analyze the factors underlying the weighted actions and judges' considerations in imposing crimes against the perpetrators of Decision Number 143/Pid.B/2015/PN.Dmk. The results showed that the factors behind the occurrence of criminal acts of theft with weighting in the decision Number 143/Pid.B/2015/PN.Dmk by AD as the perpetrator participated in committing theft with weight, namely due to economic factors because he was the backbone of the family and had to meet the necessities of life both for himself and his family. Then, because all the elements in the primair indictment had been fulfilled, the Judge sentenced the perpetrator to the first charge, namely the perpetrator violating Article 363 Paragraph (1) 3rd, 4th, and 5th of the Criminal Code. The judge has made the right decision, namely trying the perpetrator with a criminal act of theft in burdensome circumstances, but the sentence handed down by the Judge is very minimal and lower than what is demanded by the Public Prosecutor because the perpetrator before committing the crime of theft with weight has just left the Penitentiary (Lapas) with embezzlement cases in Decision Number 133/Pid.B/2014/PN.Pti and have already been convicted. Therefore, the sentence given to the perpetrator is not proportional to what he has done and the judge should also consider the impact and harm caused to the victim as a result of the perpetrator's actions.
This study intends to evaluate the existence of persons who are passive when they witness a traffic collision and the efforts or law enforcement carried out by the authorities, specifically the police, in dealing with such individuals. This study employs a qualitative approach to criminology-based research. In research, main legal texts or field data serve as data sources. Interviews and a literature review were utilized to acquire data for this investigation. The findings of this study reveal that there are still a significant number of individuals who react passively to victims of traffic accidents for a variety of reasons, such as a dread of blood, a fear of being witnesses, etc. Then, law enforcement continues to be hampered by a number of problems. Then, Islamic law has laws addressing this society's passive response.
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