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Three-dimensional printing has been recently proposed and assessed for continuous flow microfluidic devices. In this paper the focus is on a new application of this rapid and low cost method for microfluidic device prototyping: droplets production through a T-junction generator. The feasibility of this new methodology is assessed by means of an experimental study in which the statistical parameters which characterize the production of droplets are analyzed. Furthermore, this study assesses the validity of previous theoretical and experimental results, obtained for a PDMS T-junction droplet generator, also in the case of a 3D printed Acrylonitrile microfluidic chip. Finally, the feasibility of producing monodisperse droplets by analyzing the polydispersity index of the prepared droplets is demonstrated.

Many techniques have been proposed in the last few years to address performance degradations in end-to-end congestion control. Although these techniques require parameter tuning to operate in different congestion scenarios, they miss the challenging target of both minimizing network delay and keeping goodput close to the network capacity. In this paper we propose a new mechanism, called Active Window Management (AWM), which addresses these targets by stabilizing the queue length in the network gateways. AWM acts on the Advertised Window parameter in the TCP segment carrying the acknowledge, but it does not affect the TCP protocol. The proposed technique is implemented in the network access gateways, that is, in the gateways through which both the incoming and outgoing packets related to a given TCP connection are forced to go, whatever the routing strategy used in the network. We show that when the access gateways implementing AWM are the bottleneck in the networks, TCP performance is very close to that of a pseudo constant bit rate protocol providing no loss, while network utilization is close to one.

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