KINETIC STUDY OF GLYCEROL CARBONATE SYNTHESIS FROM GLYCEROL AND UREA USING INDION 225 Na AS CATALYST. The using of biodiesel as an alternative energy
Air tanah merupakan andalan sumber mata air bagi masyarakat pada umumnya, beberapa sumber air tanah sering dijumpai air yang masih terkandung Fe, hal tersebut berdampak buruk bagi kesehatan oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan penuruan kadar Fe pada air sebelum digunakan. Beberapa metode yang umum dilakukan untuk menghilangkan kandungan Fe pada air adalah dengan cara koagulasi oleh tawas. Penelitian ini akan memodelkan sebuah persamaan matematika yang dapat mengkuantifikasi penurunan kadar Fe pada setiap fungsi kosentrasi tawas yang ditambahkan. Model matematika pada penelitian menggunakan penurunan rumus dari kesetimbangan masa. Dari hasil perbandingan data percobaan dengan data perhitungan didapat konstanta penurunan Fe (kF) pada fungsi konsentrasi tawas sebesar 1.8/mg tawas dan nilai konstanta R2 sebesar 0.935, dari data tersebut maka model matematika yang dibuat dapat mewakili fenomena proses penurunan Fe di lapangan.In general groundwater is relied as source water but somtimes we found precense of Fe in some of groundwater products that could harm our health due to its toxicity, therefore it is necessary to reduce Fe content as pretreatment process. Some common methods to reduce Fe content in water are coagulation by alum. This study will build a mathematical equation to quantify the reduction of Fe content in function of alum concentration. In this study the equations were derive from mass balance equation. By comparing the experimental data with calculated data, we obtained kF (The constant of consuming Fe) = 1.8 / mg alum and for R2 constant we obtained 0.935, from these result we conclude our derived equation can represent the phenomenon of alum-Fe reduction phenomena in the field.
This research aims to find out the characteristics of Ficus carica L. drying process using a tray dryer and determine the effect of temperature and drying time on Ficus Carica L. flavonoid content using a tray dryer to obtain Ficus carica L. herbal leaf tea which is high in antioxidants. At the experimental stage, the water content of fresh leaves of Ficus carica L. were determined, so the water content is 74 ± 1.11% (wet base), then dried using a tray dryer at 35; 40; 45; 50; and 55oC, with a variation of the drying air flow rate of 1.3; 1.6; 1.9; 2.2; and 2.4 m/s. The optimum temperature and drying air flow rate are 50oC and 1.9 m/s since the highest flavonoid content was obtained at those condition as much 0.78 ± 0.001 gram QE/100gram extract. Dried products which packaged in tea bags have a content of 23.60% carbohydrate, total fat 3.50%, protein 5.35%,antioxidant 154.25 ppm and calorific value of 1430 Kcal/100 grams. It can be concluded that Ficus carica L. drying process using a tray dryer can be used to produce herbal leaf tea which is high in antioxidants and flavonoid content.
Organic inhibitors in the corrosion process could be obtained from water hyacinth plant. This plant contained antioxidants such as saponins, which could bind to protective metals from corrosion. The objective of this study was to observe the corrosion rate degradation in rainwater and tap water with saponin content of water hyacinth extract with novelty of using methanol in the maceration process. The sample: methanol ratio used in the maceration process was 1 : 9 (w/v). Steel testing was carried out for 5 days in rainwater and tap water. Based on the test results, the saponin content in the water hyacinth extract could be proven by the stability of the foam produced. The experimental results showed a corrosion rate escalation in tap water samples from 47.7% to 94.5% and samples in rainwater from 11.3% to 52.9% at 75 ppm inhibitor concentration. Based on the research, water hyacinth extract using methanol solvent could be used as a corrosion inhibitor.
Penggunaan minyak pelumas dalam industri sebagai bahan untuk melindungi mesin dari gesekan dengan komponen lain menghasilkan limbah yang sifatnya mudah terbakar dan meledak apabila salah dalam pengelolaan dan pembuangannya, sehingga dapat membahayakan manusia dan lingkungan. Salah satu upaya untuk mengolah minyak pelumas bekas adalah dengan metode asidifikasi-adsorpsi. Metode asidifikasi atau penambahan asam kuat seperti asam sulfat (H2SO4) digunakan untuk menghilangkan pengotor dan mengembalikan beberapa sifat fisik seperti densitas, viskositas dan warna. kemudian untuk menghilangkan kandung logam Cu digunakan metode adsorpsi menggunakan adsorben dari selulosa yang berasal dari sekam padi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui pengaruh penambahan asam sulfat (H2SO4) pada metode asidifikasi, mengetahui pengaruh komposisi massa sekam padi pada metode adsorbsi, serta membandingkan hasil pengujian minyak pelumas bekas sebelum dan setelah diolah ditinjau dari kadar logam berat yang terkandung, viskositas dan Spesific Garivity (SG). Berdasarkan penelitian yang sudah dilakukan penurunan konsentrasi logam Cu tertinggi terjadi pada asidifikasi H2SO4 sebanyak 5% dari volume sampel dengan variasi selusosa-asetat 1:3. Metode asidifikasi-adsorpsi dengan adsorben alami selulosa-kitosan berhasil dilakukan untuk mengubah beberapa sifat fisik dan kadar logam Cu dari minyak pelumas bekas. The use of lubricating oil in industry as a material to protect the machine from friction with other components produces waste that is flammable and explodes if mismanaged and disposed of, so that it can harm humans and the environment. One of the efforts to process used lubricating oil is by acidification-adsorption method. Acidification methods or the addition of strong acids such as sulfuric acid (H2SO4) are used to remove impurities and restore some of the physical properties such as density, viscosity and color. then to remove cu metal bladder used adsorption method using adsorbens from cellulose derived from rice husks The purpose of this study is to find out the effect of sulfuric acid addition (H2SO4) on acidification methods, find out the effect of rice husk mass composition on adsorbtion methods, and compare the results of testing of used lubricant oil before and after processing in view of the levels of heavy metals contained, viscosity and Spesific Garivity (SG). Based on research that has been done the highest reduction in cu metal concentration occurred in the acidification of H2SO4 as much as 5% of the sample volume with a cellulose-acetate variation of 1:3. The acidification-adsorption method with the natural adsorbent cellulose-chitosan was successfully performed to change some of the physical properties and levels of Cu metal from used lubricating oil.
In determining the quality of study programs, the National Accreditation Board for Higher Education (BAN-PT) will implement the use of new criteria that make an internal quality assurance system (IQAS) an important pillar. One of Study Programs in Politeknik Negeri Bandung (Polban), has obtained an excellence accreditation but through the BAN-PT forms which did not require the implementation of IQAS. Research was carried out by descriptive and correlational methods to maintain the excellence accreditation in 2020 and subsequent years for this study program. Several weaknesses and improvements were obtained. Several Polban's IQAS documents have to be completed to include national criteria in accordance with the Minister of Research and Technology Regulation No. 44/2015 and 50/2018. The indicators in IQAS have to be completed in accordance with the mapping of internal standards results against the national standards and the study program accreditation assessment matrix.
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