Fluxes of energy and materials between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems are ubiquitous and allochthonous subsidies have important implications on community structure and the functioning of recipient ecosystems (Polis et al., 1997). Human activities generate a significant, yet underappreciated, source of subsidies to ecosystems. Specifically, humans provide important food subsidies to animal species through agriculture, livestock, hunting, fishing and commercial trade (Oro et al., 2013). Human-generated subsidies particularly affect aquatic ecosystems by modifying nutrient cycling that alters community structure and interactions among species (Oro et al., 2013). Recreational fishing, through baiting (i.e., the introduction of organic matter to enhance fish harvest), generates potentially important artificial subsidies to freshwater ecosystems (Arlinghaus & Mehner, 2003;Cryer & Edwards, 1987). Recreational fishing is a widespread activity in industrialised countries, practiced by more than 10% of the global population (Arlinghaus, 2004;Cooke & Cowx, 2004). Many angling techniques require the use of baiting that can represent, on average, 7.3 kg of bait per angler per year and can reach, in some cases, more than 200 kg (Arlinghaus, 2004;Arlinghaus & Mehner, 2003). Angling baits are primarily used in European waters as they are associated with the capture of Cyprinids (Linfield, 1980;Wedekind et al., 2001) and, more rarely, in other areas such where common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) are voluntary introduced into recreational fisheries (FAO, 2018). In addition to