Long-term data from meteorological stations have been used in assessing the thermal state of the soil layer in large depressions of the Prebaikalia and Northern Transbaikalia. We examine the characteristics of temperature distribution in depth over an annual cycle for seasonally frozen and permafrost soils. For the Baikalian type depressions we carried out a spatial differentiation of the lowest and highest (having regard to the temperature lag) mean monthly soil temperatures. It is concluded that within a single depression the thermal regime of the soil fluctuates over a very broad range. On the other hand, an identical situation with the temperature regime can occur in different depressions.
At the territories of three key sites with different environmental conditions (coast of Irkutsk Reservoir, the Goloustnaya River basin, surroundings of Gakhany settlement in 60 km northward from the urbanized area Ust'-Orda, Irkutsk Region), we performed studies aimed to reveal the structural-dynamic organization and trends of forests reconstitution at the places of burnt areas and of cuttings of different targets. We took into account the character of impact of anthropogenic factors due to modern land use in the region, in particular. A considerable limitation of cuttings during last decades and decrease of areas was designed for agriculture and pasture on the background of climate dynamics and variability in the region during last years.
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