The structural reliability of the building ensures the building safety as a whole and the safety of the population, therefore the issue of ensuring reliability arises primarily in the design process. Buildings must be protected from destruction during all types of force, as well as in the case of load-bearing structures destruction as a result of emergency. Emergency impact on an object is an unregulated impact that is created as a result of an object getting into a special situation and can lead to its accident. The causes of structures progressive collapse are considered in this article. The main methods and methods of protecting buildings from progressive destruction are given. The calculation analysis of the monolithic reinforced concrete building frame for progressive collapse according to the method of possible damage is performed. There are many calculated and constructive proposals for solving the problems of counteracting the progressive destruction that can be divided into three categories: secondary protection measures, indirect design and direct design. In this article the resulting reinforcement of structural elements is determined taking into account the structural requirements for the continuity of longitudinal reinforcement, the minimum percentage of reinforcement. They are determined in the necessary places of additional reinforcement depending on the accepted permanent (background) reinforcement of the floors.
Modern scientific research and design developments, based on the fundamental principles of physics, mechanics and thermodynamics, are developing in a phenomenological direction. This implementation is found both in traditional integrated models of reinforced concrete using the advantages of computer technology, and in discrete models following the grid methods of solid deformable body mechanics. Discrete models in content and chronology over time are hereditary with respect to integral models. The theoretical basis for calculating the residual life of the force resistance to deformation, determines the stiffness of the cross sections of reinforced concrete elements with a maximum bending moment and with zero bending moment are presented in this article.
The problem of the durability of reinforced concrete structures of urban engineering structures is currently one of the urgent problems in modern construction due to the continuously growing volume of expensive repair and restoration work, facilities reconstruction, a tendency to a general decrease in quality requirements, and the scale of reinforced concrete structures application in difficult climatic conditions. The theoretical foundations of calculating the residual life of the force resistance to transverse bending with the strength of normal sections in the article, algorithms for calculating the residual life of the force resistance and reinforcement of corrosion-damaged reinforced concrete structures are defined. A complex calculation method is considered in this article that allows to quantitatively assessing the state and resources of crack resistance of reinforced concrete structures damaged by corrosion, to calculate the necessary levels of compression and loss of tension, as well as the exposure to preserve crack resistance in time at specific loading levels and intensities of corrosion effects. The developed complex calculation method can be presented as part of the solution to the problem of preventing and eliminating emergency situations. The theoretical basis for calculating the residual resource of strength resistance to transverse bending by the strength of inclined sections are discussed in the article, the calculation algorithms are studied, and examples are given.
Structural safety of buildings is such an engineering state of the structures operability, foundations, the features of their joint power resistance to expected loads and impacts, taking into account their possible combinations in direction, intensity and mode, which ensures the established functional use with established reliability. The structural safety of buildings depends on design, on compositional and structural solutions, technological measures during construction and operation, which must be provided at all stages of the facility’s existence (construction, operation, repair, reconstruction, dismantling and dismantling). It is necessary to take into account the structural safety parameters of reinforced concrete structures that have received corrosion damage during solving the problems of construction and reconstruction of buildings and structures. Suggestions to quantify the reserves and exposure of structural safety and, accordingly, the reduction in power resistance of corrosion-damaged reinforced concrete structures are presented in this article.
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