This paper contains the results of research, carried out with financial support from the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (contract ID RFMEFI57914X0026). For the ground source heat pump (GSHP) used as a heating system in regions with cold climate the thermal effects of ground moisture freezing-melting processes can make an essential long-term impact on GSHP performance. However, widely known models of heat transfer inside and outside GSHP borehole do not take into account such effects. In this paper we propose a method of engineering estimation of freezing-melting latent heat in the frame of modified cylindrical source model. The key feature of the method is the definition of effective thermal conductivity of ground to "convert" the latent heat of phase transition into equivalent heat flux from outer ground. The method is validated by laboratory measurements of ground thermal conductivity during the freezing-melting process.
The article gives an overview of experience of the information database creation about the "Carbonatites and kimberlites of the World" and use of GIS technology. On this basis, the tendencies of ultrabasic alkaline massifs evolution with rare metal carbonatites, diamondiferous kimberlites and also criteria of prognostic estimations for rare metal and diamond deposits are revealed. As a whole, from older to younger epochs mineragenic evolution had the following image: (Nb -^ TR ^ P ^ Fe). Carbonatites are located mainly along the axis or active margins of such rift zones -"hot lines". On the contrary, the largest manifestation of the kimberlite massifs is at a great distance from the rift zones. All these investigations became the basis for the new prospecting strategy in Russia and can be used in different regions of the World.
This paper contains the results of research, carried out with financial support from the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (contract ID RFMEFI57914X0026). For the ground source heat pump (GSHP) used as a heating system in regions with cold climate the thermal effects of ground moisture freezing-melting processes can make an essential long-term impact on GSHP performance. However, widely known models of heat transfer inside and outside GSHP borehole do not take into account such effects. In this paper, we propose a method of engineering estimation of freezing-melting latent heat in the frame of modified cylindrical source model. The key feature of the method is the definition of effective thermal conductivity of ground to "convert" the latent heat of phase transition into equivalent heat flux from outer ground. The method is validated by laboratory measurements of ground thermal conductivity during the freezing-melting process.
Abstract.The article has shown the results of experimental researches of the snow-melt on a heated platform-near building heat-pump snow-melt platform. The near-building (yard) heat pump platforms for snow melt with the area up to 10-15 m2 are a basis of the new ideology of organization of the street cleaning of Moscow from snow in the winter period which supposes the creation in the megalopolis of the «distributed snow-melt system» (DSMS) using non-traditional energy sources. The results of natural experimental researches are presented for the estimation of efficiency of application in the climatic conditions of Moscow of heat pumps in the snow-melt systems. The researches were conducted on a model sample of the near-building heat-pump platform which uses the low-potential thermal energy ofatmospheric air. The conducted researches have confirmed experimentally in the natural conditions the possibility and efficiency of using of atmospheric air as a source of low-potential thermal energy for evaporation of the snow-melt heat pump systems in the climatic conditions of Moscow. The results of laboratory researches of snow-melt process on a heated horizontal platform are presented. The researches have revealed a considerable dependence of efficiency of the snow-melt process on its piling mode (form-building) and the organization of the process of its piling mode (form-building) and the organization of the process of its (snow mass) heat exchange with the surface of the heated platform. In the process of researches the effect of formation of an «ice dome» under the melting snow mass called by the fact that in case of the thickness of snow loaded on the platform more than 10 cm the water formed from the melting snow while the contact with the heating surface don't spread on it, but soaks into the snow, wets it due to capillary effect and freezes. The formation of «ice dome» leads to a sharp increase of snow-melt period and decreases the operating efficiency of the snow-melt platform as a whole.
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