The article approaches the problem of increasing the efficiency of studying the subject of Engineering Graphics within the limits of the hours stipulated in the curriculum. The transition to the widespread use of IT tools makes it necessary to combine the paper format with the electronic one. The student’s task usually consists in creating flat drawings after intuitive axonometric drawings. Based on the experience in teaching the discipline, the authors considered opportune to use the spatial models of the individual task created by the students themselves. A staggered teaching method of 3D modeling was elaborated with the selection of a minimum set of commands necessary to realize the proposed model at each of the practical occupations. Students can see the relationship between real objects and their projections, get acquainted with spatial modeling and develop spatial imagination.
The article addresses the problem of increasing the efficiency of studying the object of Engineering Graphics within the limits of the hours stipulated in the curriculum. The student receives at each practical lesson an individual graphic work to apply the theoretical material. They have to create flat drawings after intuitive axonometric drawings. These orthogonal drawings form the basis of the technical documentation. Based on the experience of teaching the discipline, the authors considered it opportune to use the spatial models of the individual task created by the students themselves. A staggered teaching method of 3D modeling was elaborated with the selection of a minimum set of commands necessary for the realization of the proposed model at each of the practical lesson. Students can see the relationship between real objects and their projections, get acquainted with spatial modeling and develop spatial imagination. The analysis of the results implementation of the given method increased the quality of studies.
The processes of manufacturing machines and appliances show a continuous tendency to increase the degree of automation. An important role in the automation of manufacturing processes is played by the constructive technologicality of the product. It is important to use a minimum number of components, which have a construction as technological as possible in terms of automation. In this context, the use of supporting rings as fasteners is welcome. The design of the installation devices of these rings requires the knowledge of their deformation forces, information that is missing in the profile literature. The authors set their goal to develop the method for calculating the forces required to deform the supporting rings with a rectangular transverse profile and their maximum allowable deformations. The calculation relationships were obtained by formalizing the supporting ring through a bar with a fixed end and studying its deformation using Mohr's integral. The article lists some types of the supporting rings used in the construction of machines and appliances, their advantages and disadvantages, aspects of their automatic installation: deformation and installation methods, precision of joint orientation, optimal design, calculation of forces required for deformation and the maximum permissible deformation value. As a result of the research carried out, recommendations were developed regarding the calculation of some constructive parameters of the devices for installing the supporting rings.
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