The interaction between wheel and rail is the main source of noise in a tram that moving on the rolling track. Wheel and rail irregularities are the causes that initiate dynamic forces and vibrations. Noise is the result of vibrations generated due to defects located on the contact of these surfaces. Rolling noise levels reduction can be achieved by improving contact surface condition, mainly by wheel bogies reshaping
In welded structures subjected to dynamic cyclic loads may appear and propagate fatigue cracks due to local structural damage. These cracks may initiate due to technological damages induced by welding process, or by environmental operating conditions. In the present work, it is determined, by the means of Finite Element Method (FEM), the natural frequencies and mode shapes of more steel specimens that are welded together. The analysis is carried out in undamaged condition as well as in damaged one, after the damage has been artificially induced. The experimental measurement of the vibration response is carried out by using a condenser semi-professional microphone Samson C01U, which is suitable for high-fidelity acoustic measurements in the frequency range of 40 18.000 Hz. A first post-processing of the vibration responses of the welded specimens, in free-free conditions, is carried out using an algorithm based on Prony series. A second post-processing is carried out by means of signal processing using DWT together with Shannon entropy. The results are compared to modal parameters estimated using FE Analysis.
Abstract. The paper is proposing two new entropy-based parameters, namely Renyi Entropy Index (REI) and SharmaMittal Entropy Index (SMEI), for detecting the presence of failures (or damages) in rotating machinery, namely: belt structural damage, belt wheels misalignment, failure of the fixing bolt of the machine to its baseplate and eccentricities (i.e.: due to detaching a small piece of material or bad mounting of the rotating components of the machine). The algorithms to obtain the proposed entropy-based parameters are described and test data is used in order to assess their sensitivity. A vibration test bench is used for measuring the levels of vibration while artificially inducing damage. The deviation of the two entropy-based parameters is compared in two states of the vibration test bench: not damaged and damaged. At the end of the study, their sensitivity is compared to Shannon Entropic Index.
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