The variation of tourism flow and its spatial representation are indispensable for transport companies, accommodation facilities and future estimations regarding the international arrivals. The major implication for tourism flow mapping is related to the country of origin of tourists, their liquid assets, and tourism statistical database. The approach of tourism flow mapping representation, at least using lines and density, should be based on the spatial characteristics of the objects. In this study, the database consisting of international arrivals in different cities of Romania was used as an example. Thus, GIS-based Kernel density of the tourists’ flow was proposed. To illustrate the international demand, data on arrivals for 33 countries over the period 2015-2017 were used. ‘XY To Line’ and ‘Kernel Density’ functions served to create the convergence lines between the origin countries and Romania. The very high density was found for the European countries with an increase of 13% and 25% between 2015 and 2016, as well as between 2015 and 2017. Map analysis indicated an increase of the density area by 0.7% for 2016 and 1.7% for 2017. The proposed methods, including lines and density, contribute to the mapping of the flow of the international arrivals in Romania.
After World War I, Transylvania became part of Romania in 1918 through what is called the Great Union. After 100 years, Alba Iulia authorities celebrated the Unification Centennial in a symbolic way by testing and implementing 100 smart digital projects. The research question is asked, Is Alba Iulia a true smart city? Methodologically, we centralized the urban regeneration and sustainable development projects, plotting them on a map using geographic information system ArcGIS 16.2 software. The results were interpreted using the arch over time method and emphasized the sustainable development tendencies of the Union City a century later. Its policies and projects make Alba Iulia a model for emergent development despite some unsolved gaps such as social inclusion of marginal communities or real urban smart functionality. Conclusively, the current poor implementation of smart applications certifies Alba Iulia’s digital city status, not as one of smart city.
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