Older age is known as a negative prognostic parameter in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. In this study, we aimed to explore age-associated differences in treatment protocols, in-hospital and 1-year mortality. This cohort observational study included 277 consecutive AMI patients, separated into 2 groups according to whether their age was ≥80 years or not. We found that group I patients (aged ≥80 years) had a notably lower rate of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) performed (P < 0.0001) and a notably higher inhospital death rate (P < 0.003). The multivariate logistic regression analysis found that three variables were independent predictors of in-hospital mortality: age ≥80 years (P < 0.0001), LVEF <40% (P < 0.0001), and Killip class ≥3 (P < 0.0001). The 1-year death rate was again significantly higher in group I patients (P < 0.001) and was independently predicted by the triple-vessel coronary artery disease (P = 0.004) and an LVEF <40% at admission (P = 0.001). The 1-year readmission rate was superior in group I (P < 0.01) and independently predicted by an age ≥80 years (P < 0.001), and an history of congestive heart failure (P < 0.0001) or permanent atrial fibrillation (P < 0.001). We concluded that patients aged ≥80 benefit less often from a PCI and have higher rates of in-hospital mortality, as well as of 1-year readmission and mortality rates.
Background: While lifestyle changes, management of coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors, myocardial revascularization procedures, and medication can improve a patient’s prognosis, de novo native coronary lesions and in-stent restenosis (ISR) remain significant clinical concerns. ISR is more frequent with a bare-metal stent than with a drug-eluting stent and has been documented in around 12% of DES patients. Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) manifests as unstable angina in about 30% to 60% of ISR patients. Myocardial work imaging is a modern, non-invasive technique able to identify individuals with critical coronary artery lesions with high sensitivity and specificity. Case report: We present the case of a 72-year-old Caucasian gentleman with multiple cardiovascular risk factors, admitted to the Cardiology Clinic of Timișoara Municipal Hospital with unstable angina. From 1999 to 2021, the patient experienced two myocardial infarctions, a double aortocoronary bypass graft, and multiple percutaneous coronary interventions with 11 stent implantations, including 6 for ISR. Using two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography and myocardial work assessment, we detected that the lateral wall of the left ventricle had a severely impaired deformation pattern. Angio-coronarography was performed, and sub-occlusion of the posterolateral branch of the right coronary artery was found. Angioplasty was performed and a DES was inserted, with a good final angiographic result and complete release of symptoms. Conclusion: In patients with a history of multiple myocardial revascularization interventions and ISR, it is challenging to identify the critical ischemia region by non-invasive methods. Myocardial work imaging was beneficial in the detection of the altered deformation patterns indicating significant ischemia, its accuracy being superior to that of LV strain, as proven by coronary angiography. Urgent coronary angiography followed by angioplasty and stent implantation resolved the issue.
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