Our aim was to determine whether food insecurity was associated with a higher prevalence of obesity in a large random sample of Brazilian women of reproductive age. The data were derived from the 3rd edition of the Children's and Women's National Demographic and Health Survey conducted in 2006-07. This was a nationally representative cross-sectional study. Obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m(2)) was the outcome variable. Associations were measured using crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% CI through Poisson regression models taking into account the complex sampling design. The sample included 10,226 women from 18 to 45 y of age. The prevalence of any level of food insecurity measured by the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale was 40.9%, with 25.5% light, 10.1% mild, and 5.3% severe food insecurities. The prevalence of obesity was 17.4%. We found a borderline effect of light food insecurity and increased prevalence of obesity in Brazil (PR = 1.16; 95% CI = 0.98-1.38; P = 0.08). Women with mild food insecurity had a higher risk of being obese than their food-secure counterparts (PR = 1.49; 95% CI = 1.17-1.90; P = 0.010) after adjustment for skin color/ethnicity, years of schooling, geographical region, income, age, and marital status. In conclusion, this study suggests that mild but not light or severe food insecurity was associated with obesity as assessed by BMI, even after adjusting for various confounding factors in this large cross-sectional survey performed in a middle-income country undergoing the nutrition transition.
Esse estudo visou avaliar a incidência e a mortalidade por câncer de tireóide (CT) no Brasil através análise dos dados de sete Registros de Câncer de Base Populacional e do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade. Taxas de mortalidade qüinqüenais por CT, ajustadas para idade, foram calculadas dentro de um período de 20 anos (1980-1999) para o país como um todo. Calculamos taxas trienais de incidência ajustadas por idade empregando os dados disponíveis desde 1993. As taxas de mortalidade ajustadas por idade decaíram de 0,22/100.000 para 0,28/100.000 (-21%) entre os homens, e de 0,42/100.000 para 0,51/100.000 (-17%) entre as mulheres. Entre os homens, as taxas de incidência ajustadas por idade variaram de 0,7/100.000 em Belém até 3,0/100.000 em São Paulo. Essas cidades também apresentaram a mais baixa (0,8/100.000) e a mais alta (10,9/100.000) taxas de incidência ajustada por idade entre as mulheres. A tendência de queda de mortalidade é provavelmente explicada pela melhoria do diagnóstico e do tratamento do CT ao longo do período do estudo, enquanto as variações geográficas da incidência estão provavelmente relacionadas à disponibilidade de recursos de cuidados médicos nas diferentes regiões e na qualidade dos dados dos registros de câncer.
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