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This work was designed to evaluate the toxicity of inhalable particles c: 10 pm in aerodynamic diameter (PM10) coliected from the urban air in Sio Paulo, Brazil, to the mucociliary apparatus using the frog palate preparation. Seven groups of frog palates were immersed in different concentrations of PM10 diluted in Ringer's solution during 120 mi: 0 (control, n = 31); 50 (n = 10); 100 (n -9); 500 (n = 28); 1,000 (n = 10); 5,000 (n = 11); and 10,000 pg/m3 (n = 10). Mucociliary transport and transepithelial potential difference were determined at 0, 30, 60, and 120 min exposure. Additional groups (control and 500 pg/m3) were studied by means ofmorphometric analyses (quantification of the amount of intraepithelial and surface mucins), measurement of cilia beat frequency, and quantification of total glutathione. Mucociliary transport and transepithelial potential difference were significantly decreased at higher concentrations of PM10 (p m 0.03 and p _ 0.02, respectively). Exposure to PM10 also elicited a significant decrease of total glutathione (p 0.003) and depletion ofneutral intraepithelial mucins (p = 0.0461). These results show that PM10 can promote sigficapt alterations in ciliated epithelium in vi".

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