Introduction:In 2013, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported that 1.9 million pregnant women were infected with syphilis worldwide, of which 66.5% had adverse fetal effects in cases of untreated syphilis. Congenital syphilis contributes significantly to infant mortality, accounting for 305,000 perinatal deaths worldwide annually.Aim:To estimate the prevalence of syphilis in parturients, the incidence of congenital syphilis and the vertical transmission rate.Material and methods:a cross-sectional study with data collected from 2041 parturients who had undergone treatment between 2012 and 2014 in the maternity section of the Pedro Ernesto Hospital of the State University of Rio de Janeiro, in the metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro. The inclusion criterion was positive VDRL and treponemal test in a hospital environment.Results:the prevalence of syphilis in pregnant women was 4.1% in 2012, 3.1% in 2013 and 5% in 2014, with official reporting of 15.6%, 25.0% and 48.1%, respectively. The incidence of congenital syphilis (CS) was 22/1,000 in live births (LB) in 2012; 17/1,000 LB in 2013 and 44.8/1,000 LB in 2014. CS underreporting during the period was 6.7%. Vertical transmission occurred in 65.8% of infants from infected mothers. It was concluded that, in 34.6% of the CS cases, maternal VDRL titers were = 1/4.Conclusion:Results demonstrate the magnitude of the disease, fragility of the reporting system in the assessment of the actual prevalence, impact on perinatal outcomes, and they are a warning about the real situation of syphilis, which is still underestimated in the State.

SUMMARY INTRODUCTION Teenage pregnancy is a universal phenomenon, with higher prevalence in developing countries. Although there has been a reduction in Brasil since the year 2000, the age-specific fertility rate for this age group remains high. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the frequency of adolescence pregnancy in in Brasil from 2006 to 2015 and its association with the Human Development Index (HDI). METHODS A descriptive epidemiological study, conducted by searching the database of the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS), using information from the Information System on Live Births (SINASC) for the five Brazilian regions. RESULTS There was a reduction in the percentage of live births (LB) from adolescent mothers (10 to 19 years old) in Brasil by 13.0% over the last ten years. This decline was observed in all Brazilian regions among mothers aged 15 to 19 years. The number of LB increased by 5.0% among mothers aged 10 to 14 years in the North and decreased in the other regions, with higher rates in the South (18.0%). The specific fertility rate for the 15-19-year-old group decreased from 70.9/1,000 to 61.8/1,000 in the period. The proportion of LB is inversely associated with the HDI, except in the Northeast (the lowest HDI in the country), where there was a significant reduction (18.0%) among mothers aged 15-19 and 2% among those aged 10-14 years. CONCLUSION Teenage pregnancy in Brasil is in slow decline, especially among mothers aged 10-14 years and is inversely associated with the HDI, except in the Northeast.

A sífilis é causada pelo Treponema pallidum e transmitida por via sexual, hematogênica ou vertical (TV) durante qualquer período da gravidez. Por orientação do Ministério da Saúde, seu rastreio seu e tratamento são oferecidos de rotina a todas as gestantes que realizam o pré-natal. No entanto, as taxas de morbidade materna, infecção congênita e mortalidade perinatal permanecem altas, representando ainda desafio à saúde pública. A persistência da alta prevalência de sífilis congênita, apesar dos programas específicos de prevenção, é inquietante. Esta revisão visa contribuir para a divulgação do conhecimento atual no país e a elaboração de medidas que possam reduzir a transmissão vertical e a morbimortalidade materno-infantil da sífilis. A prevalência de sífilis em gestantes no Brasil é de 1,6%. A região Sudeste possui a maior taxa de notificação de sífilis congênita, e o Estado do Rio de Janeiro tem as maiores taxas de incidência por nascidos vivos (9,8/1.000), segundo dados do Ministério da Saúde. O custo da prevenção da infecção congênita, incluindo teste e tratamento, é menor que US$ 1,50 por pessoa, e o risco de transmissão vertical na gravidez varia de 70 a 100%, nos casos de sífilis recente, e 30 a 40%, na sífilis tardia. Nesta revisão, apresentamos uma discussão sobre o diagnóstico e o tratamento precoce da sífilis na gravidez, que, quando realizado adequadamente, pode prevenir resultados gestacionais desfavoráveis para o binômio mãe-filho. Um melhor entendimento da doença permite buscar formas de melhorar as políticas públicas, colaborando com a diminuição da prevalência da sífilis e suas complicações no Brasil.