In the United States, breast cancer is among the most frequently diagnosed cancers in women. Breast cancer is classified into four major subtypes: human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), Luminal-A, Luminal-B, and Basal-like or triple-negative, based on histopathological criteria including the expression of hormone receptors (estrogen receptor and/or progesterone receptor) and/or HER2. Primary breast cancer treatments can include surgery, radiation therapy, systemic chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, and/or targeted therapy. Endocrine therapy has been shown to be effective in hormone receptor-positive breast cancers and is a common choice for adjuvant therapy. However, due to the aggressive nature of triple-negative breast cancer, targeted therapy is becoming a noteworthy area of research in the search for non-endocrine-targets in breast cancer. In addition to HER2-targeted therapy, other emerging therapies include immunotherapy and targeted therapy against critical checkpoints and/or pathways in cell growth. This review summarizes novel targeted breast cancer treatments and explores the possible implications of combination therapy.

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