CA 125 is one of the most popular tumor markers usually synthetized by normal and malignant cells of different origins. Increased levels can be found in both benign and malignant conditions in fluids with different origins such as pleural effusion, ascites, ovarian cysts fluids, amniotic fluid and even pancreatic cyst fluids. This is a literature review of the largest studies regarding various conditions in which increased levels of CA 125 can be found and their clinical significance.
ASO reaction is one of the most commonly used laboratory tests especially due to the fact that Group A Streptococcal infection is a very often seen situation. Epidemiological studies have shown that ASO titers widely vary among different age groups and population groups; wide variations related to the moment of determination have been also reported.
Gastric cancer remains an aggressive malignancy responsible for a high number of deaths annually. An important method used in order to determine the response to treatment, follow-up and detection of recurrence in association with imagistic examinations remains laboratory determination of tumor markers. The most common used tumor markers in patients diagnosed with gastric cancer are CA 72-4, CEA, CA 19-9.
Prostatic cancer represents an important health problem worldwide, being the third most common malignancy in men older than 55 years, after pulmonary and colon cancer. In early stages prostatic cancer remains hard to be diagnosed at clinical or imagistical studies, the most efficient way to detect it being based on the determination of tumor markers. This is a literature review of the largest studies conducted on the theme of prostatic tumor markers.
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