Toraja telah dikenal dengan keunikan budaya termasuk rumah adat yang disebut Tongkonan. Kajian penelitian rumah adat Tongkonon selama ini masih terbatas pada struktur bangunan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi prinsip fisika yang ada pada rumah adat Tongkonan Toraja khususnya pada tiang yang dapat menjadi sumber pembelajaran fisika. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di Tongkonan Ba’tan Ratu, Kabupaten Tana Toraja dan yang menjadi subjek penelitian adalah tokoh adat dan tukang kayu yang memiliki pemahaman terkait struktur Tongkonan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan bentuk ekplanasi deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat prinsip fisika pada tiang rumah adat Tongkonan yang perlu untuk diketahui. Keseimbangan rumah Tongkonan dapat dilihat dari cara menyusun dan menata setiap tiang sehingga berbentuk seperti sistem struktur rangka di mana balok dan kolom saling menguatkan satu dengan yang lain serta adanya tiang yang dipasang melintang secara horizontal yang menahan agar Tongkonan tidak mengalami gerak ketika ada gaya yang diberikan. Tekanan terjadi pada tiang dengan batu penyangga di mana tiang menerima gaya beban yang diberikan oleh badan dari Tongkonan. Gaya yang bekerja antara tiang dengan batu penyangga yaitu gaya normal dan gaya berat, di mana gaya normalnya berada pada tiang dengan arah vertikal ke atas sedangkan gaya beratnya sama dengan gaya normal tetapi berlawanan arah atau gaya beratnya, yaitu gaya yang diteruskan dari tiang ke permukaan bumi secara vertikal. Berdasarkan hasil di atas menunjukkan bahwa rumah adat Tongkonan dapat dijadikan sebagai sumber pembelajaran fisika berbasis kearifan lokal. Toraja has been known for its unique culture, including a traditional house called Tongkonan. So far, research studies on the Tongkonon traditional house have been limited to building structures. This study aims to identify the physics principles in the Tongkonan Toraja traditional house, especially on the poles, which can be a source of learning physics. Data collection was carried out through interviews, observation, and documentation. The research was conducted in Tongkonan Ba'tan Ratu, Tana Toraja Regency. The research subjects were traditional leaders and carpenters who understood the structure of Tongkonan. This study used a qualitative method with an explanation form of descriptive. The results of the study show that there are principles of physics in the poles of the Tongkonan traditional house that need to be known. The balance of the Tongkonan house can be seen from the way each pillar is arranged and arranged so that it is shaped like a frame structure system where the beams and columns reinforce one another. Some poles are mounted horizontally across, which hold the Tongkonan from moving when a force is applied. Pressure occurs on the pillar with supporting stones where the pole receives the load force exerted by the body from the Tongkonan. The force acting between the pile and the supporting stone is the normal force and gravity, where the normal force is on the pole in a vertically upward direction while the gravity is the same as the normal force but opposite in direction or gravity, that is, the force is transmitted from the pole to the earth's surface vertically. The results above show that the Tongkonan traditional house can be used as a source of physics learning based on local wisdom.
Landslides are most common in steep areas with heavy rainfall. Aside from rainfall, there are numerous other factors that contribute to landslides. The presence of slip fields in the subsurface layer is one of the primary causative factors. South Makale is one of the sub-districts in Tana Toraja Regency that is located in the mountains, where landslides frequently occur, claiming lives. The purpose of this study was to determine the slip area of potential landslides in three sub-districts, which are Sandabilik, Tiromanda, and Randan batu villages. The geoelectric method with the Wenner-Sclumberger configuration type was used. The measurement data is in the form of rock resistivity values, which are then interpreted based on the rock layer type. The findings revealed that the Sandabilik and Randan Batu villages were landslide risk areas. Sandabilik Village has a slip area in the form of lava rock at a depth of 6.5 - 19.8 meters on line 1 and 1.5 - 16 meters on line 2. Rocks of the same type can also be found in Randan Batu Village, a landslide point with depths ranging from 2 to 16 meters on line 1 and 5 to 20 meters on line 2.
Sebagian sawah yang ada di Kabupaten Tana Toraja berada di Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS), yaitu berada sekitar 3 – 10 meter di atas permukaan aliran air sungai. Walaupun demikian sebagian sawah tersebut tidak mendapatkan aliran air irigasi sehingga tidak produktif di saat musim kemarau. Salah satu solusi untuk menangani masalah tersebut adalah dengan pengairan pompanisasi otomatis memanfaatkan tenaga arus sungai sehingga diharapkan sawah tersebut dapat berproduksi sepanjang tahun dan pendapatan petani meningkat.
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