A method of unified modeling of human operator performance is presented. This method is based on activity theory, object-oriented analysis and design, and uses theory of frames, modal logic, and results of psychological experiments. It takes into account personal and social factors of operator activity, his conscious and unconscious motives, as well as organizational and technical components. The suggested approach was realized in aviation for pilots' and air-traffic controllers' error investigation, where the decision support system was constructed. To demonstrate how this system can help the investigator to make conclusions about underlying causes of accidents/incidents the example from commercial aviation accident investigation is considered.
An existing system for human error analysis and classification is discussed. The lack of a comprehensive model of human error for this system decreases the quality of human error investigation and, as a result, the quality of recommendations that addressed safety-related deficiencies. The model suggested in the present paper is based on theory of frames, modal logic and psychological experiments and permitted the construction of meaningful description for error-provocative situation. The database for such situations gives the opportunity to find the most frequent causes, and therefore to mitigate the deficiencies. On the basis of the described model, the new decision support system for analysis and classification of error is proposed. This system provides both the data collecting for human error investigation and analyzing the most frequent causes through the database. The suggested system demonstrated a higher performance level than the existing classification system in analyzing the most frequent causes of error, and could enhance either accident investigating or incident reporting systems in aviation.
A method of describing and analyzing of causes for human-operator error is proposed. This method is based on causal analysis, theory of frames and modal logic, and essentially different from commonly used statistical means. Unlike routine methods this one facilitates an analysis operator's characteristics and the situation in which the error occurred. The method makes it possible for every error to reveal its intrinsic sources, which can be used for making recommendations concerning their elimination. On the basis of the suggested method, a computer-aided system SAFE was developed which was implemented in aviation to analyze errors of pilots / crew members and air traffic controllers. The proposed methodology and the associated software may be implemented for the analysis of operator errors in any control system.
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