Hemodynamic indices studied in practically healthy people were obtained by catheterization in various vascular areas: the chambers of the heart (left ventricle, right ventricle, left atrium, right atrium, coronary sinus), pulmonary trunk, aorta, inferior vena cava, superior vena cava, right hepatic vein, and sigmoid sinus. In the investigated areas, using the mean values of the hemodynamic parameters, we constructed graphics of the "curves" of the central, arterial, and venous pressure, synchronized with each other and ECG. Separation of a sequential scheme of the cardiac cycle (CC) into the phases indicated in the text allowed us to determine (on the superimposed curves) the points of intersection (equal pressure values-zeroing of the pressure gradients) of the hemodynamic and wave processes simultaneously occurring in various parts of the vascular bed (including those remote from the heart). As a result of the analysis, we propose a scheme (which is key to periodization of the CC phases) of the sequences of zones of temporal equalization of pressure (a rapidly acting matrix of pressure equalization points) initiated by the systole of the three-chamber ventricular block, part of which is the trigger mechanism for the next phase of CC.
Hemodynamic indices studied in healthy people were obtained by catheterization in various vascular areas: the chambers of the heart (ventricles, atria, coronary sinus), pulmonary trunk, sigmoid sinus, aorta, inferior vena cava, superior vena cava (SVC), and right hepatic vein (RHV). Using the mean values of the hemodynamic parameters, we constructed graphics of the curves of the central, arterial, and venous pressure, synchronized with each other, with an ECG, and with pulse wave. The complex of hemodynamic curves, supplemented by curves of RHV and SVC, revealed a coincidence in one zone of temporal equalization of pressure (ZTEP) for values of the left atrium, coronary sinus, right ventricle, sigmoid sinus, SVC, and RHV(wedged). We identified this ZTEP as a hemodynamic trigger (T-point), assuming that this point is the trigger point for the launch of the high-energy processes of the right heart, forming the following cardiac cycle: the beginning of the systole of right ventricle, the opening of pulmonary valve.
The construction of a principled and generalized model of a mythologem (ML) as psychogenic structure having psychological, electric, magnetic, hemodynamic, and time equivalents is the result of this study. Periodic invariant sensory patterns, creating a dominant center, form a stable neural network, the result of which is an ML. Within the framework of the ML model construction, the partial identity of ML and a motive, the image of the goal (IG) is accepted. The location of the IG was attributed to the expected result, which is located outside the attainable. The ML equivalents were defined as properties of a unified psychogenic structure initiating the forms of goal-directed behavior, which are unable to achieve the final goal, and a homeostatic balance, as a final result. We believe that anticipatory, prospective formation of IG, initiating adaptive forms of behavior, is a manifestation of a general principle of "anticipatory response" (the formation of the future in the present moment) inherent for somatic and mental spheres of human ontogenesis.
This work was undertaken to determine the genesis and role of creativity (Cr) in the formation of mental qualities that gave Homo sapiens (HS) the evolutionary advantages in intra-and interspecific competition during the period of the intraspecific bifurcation of hominids on the border of the Middle and Upper Paleolithic. Creativity allowed HS to design the adaptive forms of purposeful behavior corresponding to the conditions and the degree of uncertainty, and create stable mental constructs, in the absence of perceptual sources, that do not require reactive behavior. Visualization of a target image, which originally had an applied and instructional value in the process of semantic filling, was transformed into a symbol, which, getting the qualities of the perceptual source, loses its connection to the primary value and initiates the creation of qualitatively new needs for hominids: bilateral (direct and inverse) relations in the system "subject-symbol." The ability to produce the prognostic hypothesis with expansion of the operating range of the HS mind allowed the ability to search and change the tactics of an adaptive behavior, which gave the results: improvements in quality of life and an increase in life expectancy (genetically fixed); domination in intraand interspecific competition; the emergence of new operating systems of the psyche, including the emergence and development of symbolic thought. As a criterion of creativity, with the potential ability for quantitative measurement, we propose the value of deviation of creative oscillations ("proposal" of a creative individual) from the boundaries between stereotypes: for the cognition sphere, a deviation from the border between recognizable and unrecognizable; for the social sphere, between acceptable and unacceptable. (Int J Biomed. 2016; 6(4):298-302.)
We undertook our research to study and systemize the relationship between hemodynamics and biochemical parameters of arterial and venous blood in healthy people. Hemodynamic and biochemical characteristics were obtained through a probe by using catheterization in various vascular areas (aorta, brain, heart, lungs, and liver). Correlation and factor analyses were conducted to study the relationship between the obtained characteristics of the regional and systemic blood flow. Due to the nature of the correlation analysis, the significant (p<0.05) relation signs (+, 0, -) without regard to their power were considered.The obtained results suggested that there are sets of both intra-organ and system regulatory relationships between metabolic and hemodynamic characteristics. The complex of relationships among the studied parameters makes it possible to maintain the homeostatic equilibrium in the body. The psychophysiological control system includes the subsystems we described: 1) the cardiac-hepatic-pulmonary complex having properties of the metabolic and hemodynamic information field providing biological stability of the homeostasis; any significant imbalance of its elements triggers afferent information flows actualizing an afferent synthesis; 2) the mind forming gradient patterns of targeted behavior to eliminate metabolic imbalance, to achieve goals both as coded biological parameters and as the highest forms of behavior, to reach the ultimate goal: parametric, homeostatic equilibrium in the "biosphere" of the human body. By using the results of our research and the complex of dynamic relationships in human homeostasis, we built a homeostatic control matrix (HCM). AbbreviationsAo -aorta; AVDO2, arterial venous difference O2; BIF, bioinformatic flow; BUs, behavioral units; CC, cardiac cycle; CHA, common hepatic artery; CS, coronary sinus; CO, cardiac output; DP, diastolic blood pressure; Er, erythrocyte; EDP, end-diastolic pressure; F-n, fibrinogen; GIT, gastrointestinal tract; HPV, hepatic portal vein; HVWP, hepatic venous wedge pressure; IJV, internal jugular vein; IG, image of the goal; LV, left ventricle; MP, mean blood pressure; N, norm; Pl, plasma; P-n, total protein; PP, pulse pressure; PT, pulmonary trunk; RA, right atrium; RV, right ventricle; RHV, right hepatic vein; Sin P, sigmoid sinus pressure; SS, sigmoid sinus; SP, systolic pressure; SVC, superior vena cava; SAH, stable arterial hypertension; SV, stroke volume. ObjectiveThe aim of the research was to systematize findings obtained during the analysis of the regional and systemic relationship between biochemical and hemodynamic characteristics; to build a principal diagram of stable relationships between characteristics of metabolism, gas exchange, and hemodynamics; and to build a summarized matrix for relationships typical of homeostatic control in healthy humans. Materials and MethodsAll of the research through which we received the discussed results was conducted in the same laboratory and with the help of the same methods. The patients wer...
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