In this research, two studies were conducted to examine factors influencing reliance on a decision aid in personnel selection. Specifically, this study examined the effect of feedback, validity of selection predictors, and presence of a decision aid on the use of the aid in personnel selection. The results demonstrate that when people are provided with the decision aid, their predictions were significantly more similar to the predictions made by the aid than people who were not provided with the aid. This suggests that when people are provided with an aid, they will use it to some degree. This research also shows that when provided with a decision aid with high cue validity, people will increase their reliance on the decision aid over multiple decisions.
This manuscript reviews the literature on and discusses the relationships among stress, health, and job performance in the workplace. All organizations expect employees to perform work-related tasks and activities that help fulfill the organization's goals. Job performance behaviors often occur in stressful situations and can be a stressor. The links among stress, health, and job performance are reviewed in the context of relevant theories and models. The bidirectional aspects of the relationships among: stress and job performance; performance and stress; health and job performance; and job performance and health are discussed.Job performance and stress are ubiquitous in the workplace and while research into the antecedents and consequences of both has provided some understanding, there is more to be gleaned by future research that includes both physiological and psychological measures which also takes the biopsychosocial context into account.
This is an electronic version of an article published in Australasian Journal of Philosophy, 90(2). Australasian Journal of Philosophy is available online at: www.tandfonline.com.
One might think that its seeming to you that p makes you justified in believing that p. After all, when you have no defeating beliefs, it would be irrational to have it seem to you that p but not believe it. That view is plausible for perceptual justification, problematic in the case of memory, and clearly wrong for inferential justification. I propose a view of rationality and justified belief that deals happily with inference and memory. Appearances are to be evaluated as \u27sound\u27 or \u27unsound.\u27 Only a sound appearance can give rise to a justified belief, yet even an unsound appearance can \u27rationally require\u27 the subject to form the belief. Some of our intuitions mistake that rational requirement for the belief’s being justified. The resulting picture makes it plausible that there are also unsound perceptual appearances. I suggest that to have a sound perceptually basic appearance that p, one must see that p
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