Introduction: Precision medicine is the concept of treating diseases based on environmental factors, lifestyles, and molecular profiles of patients. This approach has been found to increase success rates of clinical trials and accelerate drug approvals. However, current precision medicine applications in early drug discovery use only a handful of molecular biomarkers to make decisions, whilst clinics gear up to capture the full molecular landscape of patients in the near future. This deep multi-omics characterization demands new analysis strategies to identify appropriate treatment regimens, which we envision will be pioneered by artificial intelligence. Areas covered: In this review, the authors discuss the current state of drug discovery in precision medicine and present our vision of how artificial intelligence will impact biomarker discovery and drug design. Expert opinion: Precision medicine is expected to revolutionize modern medicine; however, its traditional form is focusing on a few biomarkers, thus not equipped to leverage the full power of molecular landscapes. For learning how the development of drugs can be tailored to the heterogeneity of patients across their molecular profiles, artificial intelligence algorithms are the next frontier in precision medicine and will enable a fully personalized approach in drug design, and thus ultimately impacting clinical practice.
Disparities between risk, treatment outcomes and survival rates in cancer patients across the world may be attributed to socioeconomic factors. In addition, the role of ancestry is frequently discussed. In preclinical studies, high-throughput drug screens in cancer cell lines have empowered the identification of clinically relevant molecular biomarkers of drug sensitivity; however, the genetic ancestry from tissue donors has been largely neglected in this setting. In order to address this, here, we show that the inferred ancestry of cancer cell lines is conserved and may impact drug response in patients as a predictive covariate in high-throughput drug screens. We found that there are differential drug responses between European and East Asian ancestries, especially when treated with PI3K/mTOR inhibitors. Our finding emphasizes a new angle in precision medicine, as cancer intervention strategies should consider the germline landscape, thereby reducing the failure rate of clinical trials.
In diesem Beitrag-Merkmale von Diabetes -Künstliche Intelligenz und maschinelles Lernen -Künstliche Intelligenz/maschinelles Lernen in der Diabetesforschung Risikovorhersage und Diagnose • Ergebnisvorhersage und Prognose • Mechanistisches Verständnis durch Omics-Studien in Menschen und Modellsystemen • Vorhersage von Diabeteskomplikationen -Herausforderungen und Zukunftsaussichten QR-Code scannen & Beitrag online lesen Zusammenfassung Hintergrund: Diabetes mellitus entwickelt sich zu einem globalen Gesundheitsproblem, das eine Transformation der Forschung und der medizinischen Praxis für ein besseres Patientenmanagement erfordert. Diesbezüglich bieten die Fülle an Daten und die Fortschritte in der Technologie und der künstlichen Intelligenz Möglichkeiten für ein solches Unterfangen. Ziele: Diese Übersichtsarbeit soll einen Überblick über künstliche Intelligenz und die aktuelle Forschung in ihrer Anwendung im Bereich Diabetes geben, insbesondere zur Risikovorhersage, Diagnose, Prognose und Vorhersage von Komplikationen. Fazit: Künstliche Intelligenz transformiert die Diabetesforschung in vielen technischen und organisatorischen Aspekten. Obwohl ihr Einsatz noch begrenzt und mit vielen Herausforderungen konfrontiert ist, wird sie wahrscheinlich künftig die medizinische Behandlung beeinflussen, indem sie eine automatisierte und personalisierte Gesundheitsversorgung für Erkrankte bietet. Schlüsselwörter Computergestützte Intelligenz • Algorithmen • Biostatistik • Computeranwendungen in der Biologie • Diabetes mellitus
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