The Male Role Norms Inventory-Adolescent-revised (MRNI-A-r) was assessed for factor structure, convergent validity using the Adolescent Masculinity Ideology in Relationships Scale, and discriminant validity using the Masculinity Scale of the Short Form of Personal Attributes Questionnaire. Participants included 323 racially diverse middle school boys and girls with a mean age of 12.8 years (SD = .92). Exploratory factor analysis found a three factor structure: (1) Emotionally Detached Dominance; (2) Toughness; and (3) Avoidance of Femininity. For the sample as a whole, the MRNI-A-r and its factors had internal reliabilities ranging from .71 to .89. Some support was found for convergent and discriminant validity. Boys endorsed traditional masculine norms to a greater extent than did girls on the MRNI-A-r total scale and on factors 1 (Emotionally Detached Dominance) and 2 (Toughness). African American boys endorsed traditional masculine norms to a greater extent than did European American boys on the MRNI-A-r total scale and factors 1 (Emotionally Detached Dominance) and 3 (Avoidance of Femininity).

This article elucidates the rising trend in electronic-mediated therapy and the deficiency in formal training available to future psychologists. Psychologists are ethically obligated to be aware of the most current research, procedures, limitations, and dilemmas that arise before practicing with, and conducting research on, any form of therapy, including telemental health therapy (TMHT). This article provides a brief review of relevant research and ethical literature, an overview of several TMHT training models, and a proposed curriculum for integrating TMHT into American Psychological Association (APA) accredited psychology programs. Also included are suggestions for integrating TMHT education into coursework and future steps that need to be taken by the profession as a whole to ensure appropriate use of TMHT.

No abstract

Technology, infrastructure, governmental support, and interest in mental health accessibility have led to a burgeoning field of telemental health therapy (TMHT). Psychologists can now provide therapy via computers at great distances and little cost for parties involved. Growth of TMHT within the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs and among psychologists surveyed by the American Psychological Association (APA) suggests optimism in this provision of services (Godleski, Darkins, & Peters, 2012; Jacobsen & Kohout, 2010). Despite these advances, psychologists using technology must keep abreast of potential limitations to privacy and confidentiality. However, no scholarly articles have appraised the ramifications of recent government surveillance disclosures (e.g., "The NSA Files"; Greenwald, 2013) and how they might affect TMHT usage within the field of psychology. This article reviews the current state of TMHT in psychology, APA's guidelines, current governmental threats to client privacy, and other ethical ramifications that might result. Best practices for the field of psychology are proposed. (PsycINFO Database Record

No abstract