Matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) play an important role in cartilage homeostasis under both normal and inflamed disease states and, thus, have become attractive targets for the treatment of arthritic diseases. Herein, we describe the identification of a potent, selective MMP-13 inhibitor, developed using fragment-based structure-guided lead identification and optimization techniques. Virtual screening methods identified a novel, indole-based MMP-13 inhibitor that bound into the S1' pocket of the protein exhibiting a novel interaction pattern hitherto not observed in MMP-13 inhibitors. X-ray crystallographic structures were used to guide the elaboration of the fragment, ultimately leading to a potent inhibitor that was >100-fold selective over nine other MMP isoforms tested.
[reaction: see text] Imidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazinones, as isosteres of purine, are of interest for pharmaceutical research. The syntheses reported in the literature generally require several steps. We report a novel method to access a broad range of diversely substituted derivatives. The key step is the electrophilic N-amination of 3H-imidazoles containing a 4-carbonyl group. Several different substituted imidazoles have been N-aminated in this manner. The resulting N-aminoimidazoles were cyclized under different conditions to the corresponding imidazotriazinones, which allowed for additional diversification. This novel method was applied in a formal synthesis of vardenafil, a well-known representative of this class of compounds. Furthermore, we report the first synthesis of a 7-aryl-imidazotriazinone via bromination of an unsubstituted imidazotriazinone followed by a Suzuki coupling.
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