Abstract-Most systems connected to the Internet are general purpose machines (except specialized routers and switches in the network core) that handle packet processing in software. Even in the network core, there is a trend towards packet processing in software, e.g. using OpenFlow or virtual switches. While packet processing in software is flexible and offers many capabilities, it also represents a challenge to evaluate, optimize, or predict the performance of such complex systems. This makes it hard to evaluate the networking performance of servers, end user hosts, or home routers. We present a study that investigates the packet latency caused by packet processing in the Linux network stack. We develop a simulation model in ns-3 for packet processing via the Linux network stack that helps understanding of its performance implications. We validate our simulation model based on measurements with nanosecond accuracy and software profiling.
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