Given the overall slow rate of VA loss, VA is unlikely to be a sensitive outcome measure for treatment trials of Stargardt disease. However, given the faster decline in younger patients and those with no or mild visual impairment, VA may be a potential outcome measure for trials targeting such subgroups of patients. These observations will need to be assessed in a prospective study bearing in mind the inherent limitations of retrospective datasets.

We present an 802.15.4 compatible transceiver that operates without any off-chip frequency reference. With integrated Cortex-M0, the chip can also transmit BLE beacons with only three external connections (power, ground, and antenna). The RF transmitter operates with >10% system efficiency at -10 dBm output power from a regulated supply. The entire chip, including the microprocessor, can operate below 1 mW peak power when transmitting. The analog receiver power consumption is 1.03 mW from a 1.5V battery.

The combination of architectural membranes such as ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) foils and organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells offers a wide range of possibilities for building integration applications. This is due to their flexibility, free-shape, variable color and semitransparency, light weight, cost-effectivity, and low environmental impact. In addition, electrical generation is provided. Four configurations of ETFE foils designed to be integrated onto a south façade glazing element were studied for two representative European locations with different climatic conditions: Barcelona and Paris. These configurations comprise a reference one based on a double ETFE foil with a 10 mm air gap in between, and the other three incorporate on the inner ETFE foil either OPV cells covering 50% or 100% of its surface or a shading pattern printed on it covering 50% of its surface. Results show that, in terms of energy, the configuration with higher OPV coverage area is the one achieving the lowest net energy consumption in both locations. However, when looking at the illumination comfort this option results in insufficient illumination levels. Therefore, a tradeoff strategy balancing energy performance and illumination comfort conditions is necessary. Based on that, the best solution found for both cities is the configuration integrating OPV cells covering 50% of the glazing area and for a window to wall ratio of 0.45.

9 Semitransparent (ST) organic photovoltaics (OPVs) are demonstrating great potential 10 for building integration applications, especially in windows. For that purpose, ST-OPVs 11 should achieve adequate transparency and performance stability. In this regard, the 12 present research deals with the experimental performance of three different building-13 integrated ST-OPV technologies (technology A: developed in the frame of the present 14 study; technologies B and C: commercial modules). More specifically, spectral 15 transmittance and electrical measurements have been conducted in order to determine 16 the characteristics of the modules for building integration and electricity generation 17 purposes. Results regarding the transmittance reveal that technology A outperforms 18 technologies B and C. The stability analysis of the modules verifies that module C is the 19 most stable one with almost no decrease (3.6%) in the power conversion efficiency 20 (PCE). Furthermore, the PCE of technology B is slightly higher than in the case of 21 technology C, which experiences a PCE degradation of about 10-15% over the whole 22 time period. Finally, technology A presents a 20% reduction in PCE at around 500 23 hours. 24 Ag Silver 28 AgNW Silver nanowire 29 AVT Average visual transmittance [%] 30 BIPV Building-integrated photovoltaic 31 DAQs Data acquisition systems 32 D λ Spectral distribution [-] 33 48 PCBM [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester 49 PCE Power conversion efficiency [%] 50 PEDOT Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) 51 PET Polyethylene terephthalate 52 PSS Poly(styrenesulfonate) 53 PTBT Poly(4,8-bis[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene-2,6-diyl-54 alt-3-fluoro-2-[(2-ethylhexyl)carbonyl] thieno[3,4-b]thiophene-4,6-diyl) 55 PWM Pulse Width Modulation 56 3 R.H. Relative humidity 57 ST Semitransparent 58 T Module temperature [ o C] or thermal cycling 59 TiO 2 Titanium dioxide 60 UV Ultraviolet 61 V(λ) Photopic vision efficiency [-] 62 V cell Potential of the OPV modules [V] 63 V oc Open-circuit potential [V] 64 WO x Tungsten oxide 65 ZnMgO Zinc magnesium oxide 66 Greek symbols 67 λ Wavelength [nm] 68 Transmittance [-] 69 Visible transmittance in agreement with EN 410:2011 [-] 70 71 films, lightweight, semitransparent, free form and flexible, widening the possible 83 applications in comparison to conventional silicon-based photovoltaic panels. 84 With respect to the electrical performance, in the literature remarkable advances by 85 utilizing bulk heterojunction organic devices that combine donor and acceptor 86 substances in the blend have been reported [3]. Also, molecular optimization to tune the 87 optoelectronic properties of photovoltaic materials by chemical modulation is an 88 effective strategy to enhance efficiency. More specifically, the present efficiency record 89 of 13.1% has been obtained for a cell where the small molecule acceptor was 90 synthesized via fluorination [4]. This impressive value of 13.1%, even to be very high in 91 terms of OPV cells, is quite far from the percentages obtai...

Abstract:A building integrated holographic concentrating photovoltaic-thermal system has been optically and energetically simulated. The system has been designed to be superimposed into a solar shading louvre; in this way the concentrating unit takes profit of the solar altitude tracking, which the shading blinds already have, to increase system performance. A dynamic energy simulation has been conducted in two different locations-Sde Boker (Israel) and Avignon (France)-both with adequate annual irradiances for solar applications, but with different weather and energy demand characteristics. The simulation engine utilized has been TRNSYS, coupled with MATLAB (where the ray-tracing algorithm to simulate the holographic optical performance has been implemented). The concentrator achieves annual mean optical efficiencies of 30.3% for Sde Boker and 43.0% for the case of Avignon. Regarding the energy production, in both locations the thermal energy produced meets almost 100% of the domestic hot water demand as this has been considered a priority in the system control. On the other hand, the space heating demands are covered by a percentage ranging from 15% (Avignon) to 20% (Sde Boker). Finally, the electricity produced in both places covers 7.4% of the electrical demand profile for Sde Boker and 9.1% for Avignon.