INTRODUCTIONThe most frequent and common respiratory sleep pathology encountered in medical practice is snoring associated or not with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Obstructive sleep apnea is characterized by repetitive, partial or complete obstruction of the upper airway during sleep despite simultaneous respiratory effort, resulting in episodic hypoxemia and arousal. Respiratory disorders during sleep are very common in the general population and they are estimated to affect approximately 4% of men and 2% of women in the middle-aged workforce and laboratory investigations in sleepiness potentially increase day by day.It is well known that nasal breathing is the physiological one and that the nasal passages, by their complex structure and rich vascular, lymphatic, glandular and nervous formations, fulfil a very important physiological role. The calibre of the nasal passages, by their architectonic and morphofunctional integrity of the mucosa, help regulate the respiratory airflow, through its vascular-erectile function. The nasal mucosa, due to its morphological structure, ensures the inspired air conditioning function by the following three processes: heating, moistening and filtering. The ENT changes responsible for upper airway obstruction can be represented by nasal pathology, with or without oral and hypopharyngeal pathology. Multilevel obstruction is often present in snoring and ob-ABSTRACT BACKGROUND. Nowadays, snoring and obstructive sleep apnea are the most common sleep-related breathing disorders
OBJECTIVE. The aim of the study was to determine the impact of the nasal pathologies over nasal mucociliary clearance and rhinomanometric parameters. MATERIAL AND METHODS. This is a retrospective analytical observational clinical study during a period of 6 months, between 2014 and 2015. 123 subjects, 63 of whom had nasal pathology and 60 of whom were healthy controls, were enrolled in this study. The diagnosis of nasal pathology was made based on clinical examination, nasal endoscopy and anterior rhinomanometry. A methylene blue test was used to evaluate the mucociliary clearance. RESULTS. The subjects with nasal pathology had nasal septum deviation (No=50), chronic rhinitis (No=42), rhinosinusitis (No=15) and nasal polyposis (No=17). The mean total air flow in inspiration in nasal pathology patients group was 546.7 ml/s (millilitre/second), with a median of 594 ml/s, comparing with the control group who had the mean air flow of 865.5 ml/s, with a median of 866.5 ml/s. In expiration, the mean air flow in those with nasal pathology was 603.9 ml/s and a median of 611 ml/s, comparing with the control group who had the mean air flow of 871.1 ml/s and a median around 872 ml/s. The mean time from the application of methylene blue liquid to first seeing it in patients with nasal pathology was 23.41 minutes for the right nostril and 23.32 minutes for the left nostril, comparing with the control group who had the mean of mucociliary clearance of 6.76 minutes for the right nostril and 6.93 minutes for the left one. CONCLUSION. The results obtained in anterior rhinomanometry and methylene blue liquid test showed that nasal pathology does affect nasal physiology and it is an important factor to evaluate the mucociliary clearance.
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