A smart city concept is becoming more popular. Many cities shift directions for the development of to “smart” destination, which is able to address rapid growth in the urban population and climate change. The concept of smart development consists of four dimensions that encompass various elements of smart cities, one of them, the environ-urban dimension, is stressed in this paper. The elements of this dimension are studied as exemplified by nine architectural projects, which won in the Reinventing Cities competition, launched in many cities across the globe. The competition is a call for urban projects to drive resilient and sustainable urban regeneration, which contributes to the idea of smart development. Urban solutions designed for the competition are listed by the authors in order to analyze what are the newest trends to “fill” the environ-urban dimension of smart development. The paper gives recommendations of what principles of urban design should follow architects in order to create projects which can contribute to smarter urban development.
Существующие в настоящее время учреждения дополнительного профессионального образования в России не соответствуют современным требованиям, предъявляемым педагогами, и не отвечают интересам подростков, ориентированных на современные медиатехнологии. Возникла необходимость создания учреждений с организацией пространства нового формата, обеспечивающего развивающую образовательную среду, и использования созданного продукта в качестве новой типологии учреждений дополнительного профессионального образования. Архитектурная среда таких учреждений, прежде всего, должна стать «человекоориентированной» и быть способной предоставлять максимум средств для самовыражения и самосовершенствования. Ключевые слова: архитектура; формирование архитектурного пространства; архитектура школ; цвет и форма; влияние цвета и формы пространства; нейромедиаторы; пространство приобретения призвания; подростки. Для цитирования: Ульяновская С.И., Балакина А.Е. Формирование архитектуры учреждений дополнительного профессионального образования для подростков // Вестник Томского государственного архитектурно-строительного университета. 2018. Т. 20. № 2. С. 90-99.
Nowadays we observe a rapid growth of various new and actively developing facilities for winter sports and recreation. This paper is aimed at analyzing the structure of these facilities and establishing the dependence of their public popularity on the design, technology, environmental and economic efficiency. The main research methods are monitoring of the chosen facilities, data collection and summarizing, classifying and description. The key procedures and results include on-site investigations of the facilities, sociological surveys of their popularity, definition of the factors that hamper their development, working out and testing a mathematical model of climatic influence on attendance. It is shown that despite the growing demand for new sports and recreational centers, most Russian cities do not have the necessary natural conditions (elevations, complex relief) to satisfy the requirements of the contemporary winter sports enthusiasts. To meet this demand, artificial constructions for mountain and cross-country skiing, snowboarding, tubing and skating are set in parks, residential areas and on specially designated territories. In building theses facilities, various designs, constructions and technologies are used, which are considered in detail in this paper. We provide examples of successful recreational centers on artificially engineered reliefs well-blended with the Moscow urban area. We make a conclusion about the advantages of constructing new facilities and the necessity to fit them harmoniously into the existing natural and man-made environment. Temporary constructions for sports and recreation have minimal impact on the environment. At the same time, they give room for experimenting with forms, materials, technologies; they are flexible, mobile and relevant for cities. We characterize such facilities as nature-and-technology compatible systems. Our findings can be useful for specialists in urban planning and development, ecology, sociology, economics, sports and recreational management.
This article is devoted to the detailed analysis of modern requirements for finishing materials, used in the interiors of inpatient facility ward units. The authors have studied a number of regulatory normative documents acting in the territory of the Russian Federation and analyzed the practical experience of interior decoration of ward units at the health care capital construction facilities. The authors highlight and describe the main requirements for the finishing materials for the inpatient facility ward units and point out the peculiarities of solutions in the interiors. A classification of modern finishing materials (with an indication of their technical characteristics) used in the decoration of interiors of long-term care units is made on the basis of the practical experience studied by the authors taking into account the functional purpose of the premises as well as the variants of visual design of interiors of inpatient facility ward units.
World spread globalization is a continuously process which necessitate growing of big cities with prospering metropolises and the process of emptiness small cities and countryside. The problem of the extinction of the Russian countryside is one of the acute social and economic problems of modern Russia. What is more, according to The World Bank’s data, the tendency of the decrease in the share of the rural population is also relevant for countries of Europe and the USA. Likewise, in Russia, for 8 years from 2002 to 2010 the number of abandoned villages had rocketed from 13 to 19.5 thousand. Hence, amount of abandoned rural cultural heritage properties, such as country estates, churches, graveyards is continuously increasing. The paper analyses the ways of how the implementation of modern business models for the above obsolete properties can contribute to the regeneration of rural settlements. Moreover, the research reports the driving forces of the regeneration, barriers, risk and opportunities given by the shift to new governance model as an aspect of sustainable development.
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