In this study, a model based on the generalised-K (GK) distribution is proposed for identifying ultra-wideband (UWB) indoor channel profiles. In particular, an index (y-index) based on a proper combination of GK parameters is proposed to unambiguously and effectively distinguish among line-of-sight (LOS) and non-LOS propagation conditions. This clear distinction is achieved by defining two non-overlapping sets which correspond to the two well-defined profiles. The technique is user-friendly since it does not call for any complex estimation process. Comparison among the results achieved by both real measurements and IEEE.802.15.4a channel model simulations confirm the soundness of the employed method and the effectiveness of the proposed y-index
Estimating the aggregate interference is required in order to predict the performance of a wireless system in its working environment. Body Area Networks (BANs) for healthcare applications are becoming a reality, allowing patients to be monitored continuously without forcing them to stay in bed or in hospital. The increasing number of wireless medical devices makes the ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical) band particularly crowded. If new smart BANs have to correctly operate in hospital, coexistence with the existing wireless devices must be accurately investigated, starting with studying the interference in the operating frequency band. In this paper we propose an interference model based on real measurements carried out in the emergency ward of a modern city hospital, as well as in home and office environments, which are the three main locations where a patient monitored by a WBAN spends the most of the time. The measurements are used to model the probability density function of the aggregate interference as well as the occupancy of the channel.
In this paper we present an experimental campaign which shows the interference levels in the ISM band in a typical City Hospital. This first result leaded us to propose a wireless real-time ECG monitoring system which does not use the ISM band. The performance of the proposed hardware solution has been proven in a real situation by means of experimental trials in the emergency ward of a real hospital.
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