(1) Objectives: to investigate the main lessons learned from the public health (PH) response to COVID-19, using the global perspective endorsed by the WHO pillars, and understand what countries have learned from their practical actions. (2) Methods: we searched for articles in PubMed and CINAHL from 1 January 2020 to 31 January 2022. 455 articles were included. Inclusion criteria were PH themes and lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic. One hundred and forty-four articles were finally included in a detailed scoping review. (3) Findings: 78 lessons learned were available, cited 928 times in the 144 articles. Our review highlighted 5 main lessons learned among the WHO regions: need for continuous coordination between PH institutions and organisations (1); importance of assessment and evaluation of risk factors for the diffusion of COVID-19, identifying vulnerable populations (2); establishment of evaluation systems to assess the impact of planned PH measures (3); extensive application of digital technologies, telecommunications and electronic health records (4); need for periodic scientific reviews to provide regular updates on the most effective PH management strategies (5). (4) Conclusion: lessons found in this review could be essential for the future, providing recommendations for an increasingly flexible, fast and efficient PH response to a healthcare emergency such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
Stroke causes a significant reduction in health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and studies addressing its predictors often rely on models with few variables. This study aimed to assess the degree to which health status, health habits, and features of the environment predict HRQoL in stroke survivors with stable clinical condition. WHO Quality of Life questionnaire for old-Age subjects (WHOQOL-AGE) was used to assess HRQoL. We ran a multivariable linear regression to predict WHOQOL-AGE variation, entering measures of health state, bad habits, healthy behaviors, physical environment features, and social support. Patients were stroke survivors with a stable clinical condition, distance from acute event of more than 6 months, and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) of 10 or less. A total of 122 participants (47 females, 97 with ischemic stroke) were enrolled, the mean age was 64.1, mean NIHSS 2.9, and mean distance from the acute event was 5.1 years. State anxiety (β = −0.202), trait anxiety (β = −0.232), depression (β = −0.255), social support (β = 0.247), and functional independence (β = −0.210) predicted WHOQOL-AGE variation (Adj. R2 = 0.549). Our results show that psychological symptoms, reduced social network, and functional dependence together have a negative impact on HRQoL. These elements, which are partly stroke-specific, should be taken into account in the recovery process to enhance patients’ health outcomes.
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