The
use of solution processes to fabricate perovskite solar cells
(PSCs) represents a winning strategy to reduce capital expenditure,
increase the throughput, and allow for process flexibility needed
to adapt PVs to new applications. However, the typical fabrication
process for PSC development to date is performed in an inert atmosphere
(nitrogen), usually in a glovebox, hampering the industrial scale-up.
In this work, we demonstrate, for the first time, the use of double-cation
perovskite (forsaking the unstable methylammonium (MA) cation) processed
in ambient air by employing potassium-doped graphene oxide (GO-K)
as an interlayer, between the mesoporous TiO2 and the perovskite
layer and using infrared annealing (IRA). We upscaled the device active
area from 0.09 to 16 cm2 by blade coating the perovskite
layer, exhibiting power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 18.3 and
16.10% for 0.1 and 16 cm2 active area devices, respectively.
We demonstrated how the efficiency and stability of MA-free-based
perovskite deposition in air have been improved by employing GO-K
and IRA.
PurposeRecognising the growing importance of environmental and sustainable activities and the role of communication strategies in soliciting their financing, this work investigates the influence of message framing, green emphasis and quantitative information on the probability of green crowdfunding campaigns' success.Design/methodology/approachThis analysis is based on crowdfunding campaigns published between 2015 and 2020 on the Indiegogo platform in the category “Community projects – Environment”. The study develops an in-depth qualitative content analysis of the projects before performing an empirical examination to determine funding causes.FindingsCommunication strategies (message framing, green emphasis and quantitative goals) affect funding success. However, project category moderates the impact of message framing and green emphasis on campaign success. While positive framing increases agri-food campaign success, negative framing is more effective for clean energy and climate preservation projects. Moreover, indication of a quantitative goal and a marked green emphasis in a project's presentation increase campaign success, but a too marked green emphasis is only effective for agri-food projects.Practical implicationsGreen entrepreneurs and campaign managers must work carefully on their projects' communication, accounting for the type of product proposed, emphasising green components in its description and utilising quantitative information to present future goals. These strategies maximise backers' responses and enable entrepreneurs to obtain funding. The authors’ findings may be extended to other contexts, including the banking sector, to craft effective communication strategies for green financial products.Originality/valueBy applying framing theory in a new context (i.e. the online financing of green entrepreneurs), this study identifies new campaign success determinants and provides evidence for the moderating role of project category. Furthermore, the study highlights the need to develop different communication strategies for social and environmental-oriented projects.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.