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On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest. ABSTRACT Purpose:We analyzed the efficacy of a point-of-care ultrasonography protocol, based on a focused multi-organ examination, for the diagnostic process of symptomatic, non-traumatic hypotensive patients in emergency. Methods

LUS-targeted assessment of LP was a useful predictor of pneumothorax volume in this research study setting. LUS reliably classified pneumothorax size when compared to criteria based on CXR reading, particularly the small sized pneumothorax. However, LUS greatly outperformed conventional CXR reading for a graded quantification of the percentage of lung collapse.

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Chronic heart failure is a complex clinical syndrome often characterised by recurrent episodes of acute decompensation. This is acknowledged as a major public health problem, leading to a steadily increasing number of hospitalisations in developed countries. In decompensated heart failure, the redistribution of fluids into the pulmonary vascular bed leads to respiratory failure, a common cause of presentation to the emergency department. The ability to diagnose, quantify and monitor pulmonary congestion is particularly important in managing the disease. Lung ultrasound (US) is a relatively new method that has gained a growing acceptance as a bedside diagnostic tool to assess pulmonary interstitial fluid and alveolar oedema. The latest developments in lung US are not because of technological advance but are based on new applications and discovering the meanings of specific sonographic artefacts designated as B-lines. Real-time sonography of the lung targeted to detection of B-lines allows bedside diagnosis of respiratory failure due to impairment of cardiac function, as well as quantification and monitoring of pulmonary interstitial fluid. Lung US saves time and cost, provides immediate information to the clinician and relies on very easy-to-acquire and highly reproducible data.