This study evaluated the impact of the elimination of certain chronic illnesses on disability-free life expectancy in the elderly population. This was a cross-sectional survey based on official data from the city of São Paulo, Brazil, in 2000, and from the SABE study. Cause-deleted probabilities of dying were derived with the cause-elimination life-table technique. Eliminated diseases that generated the largest increase in disability-free life expectancy in women were heart disease, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension (in that order). In men, eliminated diseases that generated the largest increase in disability-free life expectancy were, at 60 years, heart disease, hypertension, and falls, and at 75 years of age, heart disease, hypertension, and chronic lung disease. Classification of chronic diseases according to impact on disability-free life expectancy can assist the planning of preventive programs and health promotion.

O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar o impacto da doença crônica na qualidade de vida de idosos da comunidade no município de São Paulo (SP). Trata-se de um estudo transversal de indivíduos acima de 60 anos, com aplicação de um questionário clínico-demográfico padronizado e do questionário genérico de qualidade de vida Short-Form 36 items (SF-36). Foram feitas análise estatística descritiva dos dados clínicos e demográficos e análise de variância (ANOVA) para correlação das médias dos domínios do SF-36 com a idade e o número de morbidades. Avaliaram-se 353 indivíduos. A média de idade foi de 71,6 anos, com 48,7% de homens e 51,3% de mulheres. O sexo feminino apresentou os piores níveis de qualidade de vida em todos os domínios avaliados. A análise de variância revelou uma variação significativa da qualidade de vida, em vários domínios, conforme o aumento do número de morbidades. O domínio mais comprometido foi limitação por aspectos físicos (p<0,05). A mesma análise, aplicada às médias dos domínios por faixa etária, mostrou uma relação inversa do domínio capacidade funcional (p<0,05) com a idade. O aumento do número de morbidades e o aumento da idade influenciam de modo significativo vários domínios da qualidade de vida dos idosos. O SF-36 apresenta-se como um instrumento válido para a avaliação de qualidade de vida da população idosa brasileira.

In recent decades, the international scientific community has become increasingly interested in the concept of quality of life. One of the most important implications of the focus on quality of life is a shift from "cure" to "a guarantee of a better life" as a health care goal, as well as the inclusion of individuals' preferences for certain health states in the decision-making process with treatments, diagnostic strategies, and health spending. This is especially important as the prevalence of chronic diseases increases as a result of the aging of the population. This piece describes the main concepts and applications related to this new health paradigm, including quality of life itself, utility measures, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), and health decision analysis.

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Objective: This study seeks to present the translation and validation of the SF-6D in the Brazilian context, based on the model and the version developed in the United Kingdom in 2002. Methods: An observational and transversal study. The tools for assessing quality of life were applied, namely HAQ, SF-36, EQ-5D and SF-6D (2002 version). Descriptive statistics and correlation coefficients were used for data analysis. Results: 200 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, with a mean age of 49.22 years, 11.16 years of disease and mean HAQ 1.02 were studied. Preferences measured by the SF-6D, the EQ-5D and the techniques of EVA, TTO and SG were found to correlate among themselves, with Pearson coefficients from 0.19 to 0.66 (p <0.01). Conclusion: The SF-6D Brazil questionnaire represents a valid option for assessing preferences on economic analysis conducted in Brazil.

Summary Objective: describe the quality of life of frail elderly assisted by the Centro de Referência à Saúde do Idoso (CRI), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: the convenience sample included 122 frail elderly being treated from January 2010 to July 2011, out of a total of 668 frail elderly who were referred to the CRI after application of the brief evaluation form of the elderly, recommended by Ministry of Health, which identifies the elderly with some degree of frailty. Descriptive observational study collected data through sociodemographic questionnaire and quality of life questionnaires: WHOQOL-BREF, WHOQOLOLD and SF-36. Results: the study included 122 frail elderly. Of these, 74.6% (91) were female, mean age 73 years, 46.7% (57) were married, 51.6% (63) had less than 3 years of schooling and 87.7% (107) reported income of one to four minimum wages. The mean total score of the WHOQOL-BREF was 56.6, the WHOQOL-OLD 57.6 and SF-36 Physical Component Summary 34.5 and Mental Component Summary 43.6. Conclusion: knowledge of the impairment profile of quality of life among frail elderly is, therefore, essential for planning health care to this population.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the cost effectiveness of the diagnostic program for the germline mutation in BRCA1/2 genes and of preventative strategies for the relatives of patients diagnosed with ovarian cancer associated with this mutation.METHODSThe study analyzed the cost effectiveness by developing an analysis of the Markov decision process from the perspective of the National Health System. The strategies compared reflect upon the adoption of genetic testing and preventative strategies for relatives or the usual care currently proposed. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was expressed in terms of cost per case avoided. The sensitivity analysis was performed in a univariate and deterministic manner.RESULTSThe study showed increments for effectiveness and for costs when performing genetic testing and adopting prophylactic measures for family members. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was estimated at R$908.58 per case of cancer avoided, a figure considered lower than the study's cost-effectiveness threshold (R$7,543.50).CONCLUSIONSThe program analyzed should be considered a cost-effective strategy for the national situation. Studies in various other countries have reached similar conclusions. One possible ramification of this research might the need to perform a budgetary-impact analysis of making the program one of the country's health policies.

From this point forward, we can provide the basis for comparisons with future research that use the SF-12 for quality of life assessment in Brazil. The Brazilian population has a lower degree of quality of life related do the physical component, and the SF-12 is a useful and discriminative instrument for assessing quality of life in different socio-demographic groups.