-based dressing. After 7 days, specimens were distributed in two groups (n=15) according to the method of Ca(OH) 2 removal. Group I (SAF) was irrigated with 5 mL of NaOCl and SAF was used for 30 seconds under constant irrigation with 5 mL of NaOCl using the Vatea irrigation device, followed by irrigation with 3 mL of EDTA and 5 mL of NaOCl. Group II (ProTaper) was irrigated with 5 mL of NaOCl, the F2 instrument was used for 30 seconds, followed by irrigation with 5 mL of NaOCl, 3 mL of EDTA, and 5 mL of NaOCl. In 3 teeth Ca(OH) 2 was not removed SRVLWLYH FRQWURO DQG LQ WHHWK FDQDOV ZHUH QRW ¿OOHG ZLWK &D2+ 2 (negative control). Teeth were sectioned and prepared for the scanning electron microscopy. The amounts of residual Ca(OH) 2 were evaluated in the middle and apical thirds using a 5-score system. Results: None of the techniques completely removed the Ca(OH) 2 dressing. No difference was observed between SAF and ProTaper in removing Ca(OH) 2 in the middle (P=0.11) and WKH DSLFDO 3 WKLUGV &RQFOXVLRQ 7KH 6$) V\VWHP VKRZHG VLPLODU HI¿FDF\ WR URWDU\ instrument for removal of Ca(OH) 2 from mandibular incisor root canals.
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