This article discusses the structural changes that have taken place in the five emerging markets forming the BRICS grouping during the last two decades. The comparative advantages or disadvantages of the five economies are identified using revealed symmetric comparative advantage index. The long-run shifts in the comparative advantages and disadvantages are further analysed across the BRICS countries. The results show a continuous shift from primary manufacturing and from production of merchandise with low added value, to more sophisticated goods.
Over the last decade, the automotive industry has been one of the fastest growing branches of manufacturing. It became one of the most crucial industries in the European Union, but it also suffered significant structural and territorial transfers. Therefore, it seems crucial to test the competitiveness of the national automotive industries, analyse the long-term trends in Europe, put them into a global perspective, draft probable changes in the near future, and warn against the looming threats. The article uses methods of statistical analysis of long-term development of revealed symmetric comparative advantage index to search for continuous trends shaping the EU automobile production. It indicates the transfers of competitiveness from most of the traditional West European car producers in favour of the new EU member states, but also from the USA and Canada in favour of the new fast-growing developing countries and emerging markets. In the conclusion, authors provide a brief outline of the European Commission's response to these changes in form of the CARS 2020 Action Plan.
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