Due to the effective development of ion-track technology, it became possible to produce porous templates with large areas, which are of interest for mass production of nanostructures. Given that the template parameters often define properties of the resulting nanostructures and nanosystems, a reliable method for non-destructive testing is needed for a rapid control of template parameters. Such method could be ellipsometry, allowing for a single measurement to collect statistical information from a large area and to save time for certification. In order to adapt the ellipsometry method for controlling the parameters of ion-track patterns, the first studies of SiO2/Si templates with low porosity were carried out. Using the standard model of the interaction of a polarized light beam with a layered structure of silicon oxide on silicon, the basic parameters of the pores were determined by means of mathematical transformations and subsequently compared with the results of scanning electron microscopy.
Mechanical losses in rubber compounds per strain cycle are shown to be considerably greater under pulse loading, which simulates tire usage, than under sinusoidal loading. A method is suggested for using data obtained by ordinary laboratory techniques to calculate losses that would occur in an arbitrary anharmonic mode. Some data are given to show how such mechanical losses depend on formulations and processing factors of the rubber. Methods are then discussed for obtaining proper laboratory data on dynamic properties for use in optimizing formulations of tire rubbers.
On the specially designed dynamometer with automatic control of λ = constant condition at temperature alteration (λ is the extension ratio), there were studied the temperature dependence of stress, f, in uniaxial tension tests of butyl and butadiene‐acrylonitrile vulcanisates at various λ. Temperature coefficients of C2 constant in the Mooney‐Rivlin equation, calculated from these data, are represented reasonably well by the semiempirical formula (β is the bulk thermal expansion coefficient, T is the absolute temperature, To is the constant temperature), derived using molecular theory which revealed the origin of the C2 term and the empirical generalization of the dependence of C2 on swelling degree.
The published data on the temperature dependence of C2 and the methods of further experimental examination of conception suggested are discussed.
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